before a DNA profile can be made, what must a scientist be able to obtain from the organisms involved in the profile?

Answer:

Explanation:

5 steps for creating a wet mount slide?

Wet Mount:

Place a drop of fluid in the center of the slide.

Position sample on liquid, using tweezers.

At an angle, place one side of the cover slip against the slide making contact with outer edge of the liquid drop.

Lower the cover slowly, avoiding air bubbles.

Remove excess water with the paper towel.

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Answer:

Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Invertebrate deuterostomes that are bilaterally symmetrical as juveniles but have radial symmetry as adults are called Echinoderms.

Starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, sand dollars, and crinoids are all members of the phylum Echinoderms. They are one of the most diverse families of marine invertebrates, with ecological roles ranging from the near-shore to the deep sea. Spiny endoskeletons are found in echinoderms. As adults, they exhibit radial symmetry, but as larvae, they have bilateral symmetry.

These organisms are multicellular and have well-developed organ systems. All of the species in this phylum share the same characteristics. They are brightly colored organisms with distinct shapes. They are extremely significant both biologically and geologically.

The water vascular system found in echinoderms is responsible for gas exchange, nutrient circulation, and waste removal. Echinoderms are effective scavengers of decaying debris on the seafloor, and they prey on a variety of tiny species, aiding in population control.

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Answer ; A

Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable and not explained by the pharmacologic properties of the drug. An example is the individual with infectious mononucleosis who develops a rash when given ampicillin.

Definition. Idiosyncratic drug reactions are adverse drug reactions that do not occur in most patients at any dose and do not involve the known pharmacological properties of the drug.

Answer:

B. refraction

Explanation: hope this helps!

The shadow zone exists due to the effect of seismic waves is the refraction. Thus, the correct option will be B.

Refraction can be defined as the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another medium. The redirection of the waves in a medium can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium of wave.

Seismic waves are the waves which follow the same law of refraction at the compositional boundaries. If the seismic wave velocity in the rock below a boundary is increasing then, the waves will be refracted in the upward direction and this speed up relative to their original path of movement.

Therefore, the correct option will be B.

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The cell makes large amounts of proteins during the interphase, and it also grows in size, duplicates essential organelles, and doubles its DNA. This entire process serves to become ready for cell division. It is therefore incorrect to claim that the cell is metabolically "inactive."

The resting phase was previously referred to as interphase. The name was altered since interphase actually describes a living cell that is preparing for eventual cell division rather than one that is passively resting.

Since the cells are still engaged in metabolic activity even when they are not dividing.

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The statement that does not show the  impact of mining on human health  is mining increases nutrients in the soil for farming.

The term mining refers to the extraction of resources from the earth. The process of mining has a lot of health impacts because it is able to affect the water resources and the air covering the an area.

There are several impacts of mining on human activities. The statement that does not show the  impact of mining on human health  is mining increases nutrients in the soil for farming.

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Answer:

The term “homologous structures” refers specifically to similar structures found in different species that have a common ancestry or developmental origin. Note that homologous structures don’t have to perform the same function in a species, the only requirement is that they are similar in form and exist in species with common ancestry.

Explanation:

Since courtship and mating behaviors are actually learnt and not innate, the waving of the crab to attract a female is a learned behavior.

The term courtship behaviour has to do with the bahaviour that a male will put up in order to attaract the female organims. Most scientists hold that these courtship and mating behaviors are actually learnt and not innate.

Hence, we can say that the waving of the crab to attract a female is a learned behavior.

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The way in which the cells of Alma can obtain energy depending on the intensity of the exercises is because the muscles use aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Anaerobic respiration is a process by which cells that do not have access to oxygen, or do not need it, oxidize monosaccharides in order to obtain energy. This occurs through an electron transport chain that is similar to the one in the mitochondria in aerobic respiration.

While in aerobic respiration if oxygen is going to be used to generate the oxidation of organic molecules to obtain energy.

The type of cell that will have the highest efficiency in respiration will be the aerobic cell since in oxidation it will generate 36 ATP molecules while anaerobic cells will generate 2 ATP molecules.

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The group of cells in the hypothalamus that is stimulated by food intake is known as the eating center. The correct option is A) eating.

The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that links the nervous system to the endocrine system through the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus contains various nuclei that regulate a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including the regulation of appetite and energy expenditure.

There are two types of nuclei present in the hypothalamus; one is the hunger (feeding) center, and the other is the satiety center. Hunger refers to the desire to consume food, while satiety refers to the sensation of being full or satisfied after eating. The hunger center is responsible for stimulating food intake, while the satiety center is responsible for suppressing food intake.

The hypothalamus, which is the area of the brain that regulates eating and drinking, is stimulated when the body requires food. Hormonal changes signal the hypothalamus to increase or decrease appetite, depending on the body's needs. Eating too much or too little can lead to hormonal imbalances, resulting in obesity or anorexia.

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Answer:

The correct answer is C: competition for resources

Answer:

75%

Explanation:

Heterozygous means that there is two different alleles, one being dominant, while the other is a recessive trait (Ww).

As stated in the question, it is noted that the dominant allele is denoted as a capital W, while a recessive allele is denoted as a lowercase w.

Two heterozygous unicorns are crossed. Create a Punnett Square. The probability for the offspring would be found within the Punnett Square.

\(\left[\begin{array}{ccc}&W&w\\W&WW&Ww\\w&Ww&ww\end{array}\right]\)

Remember, having the dominant trait (W) would result in the offspring obtaining a white horn. In this case, 3 of the 4 offspring has at least one dominant allele (W), or a 75% probability.

75% is the probability that the offspring will have a white horn.

~

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DNA is important in identifying genetic relationships within a group, but it alone is not sufficient to determine complex social constructs like race, whiteness, or property; the inclusion of social, cultural, and historical factors is crucial in understanding these concepts.

Biological anthropologists and genome scientists should consider the relationship between Europeans and Indigenous people in their research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of human genetic diversity and population history.

DNA analysis can provide valuable insights into genetic relationships within a group, such as determining genetic ancestry or identifying related individuals. However, race, whiteness, and property are social constructs that go beyond genetic factors and are shaped by historical, cultural, and socioeconomic factors. These concepts are complex and cannot be solely explained by genetic data. Therefore, it is important for researchers, including biological anthropologists and genome scientists, to recognize the limitations of genetic data and consider the broader social context when studying race, whiteness, and property.

In the context of researching Europeans and Indigenous people, it is crucial for researchers to acknowledge and incorporate the historical and ongoing relationships between these groups. This includes understanding colonization, displacement, and the impact of power dynamics on genetic diversity and health outcomes. By including this relationship in their research, scientists can contribute to a more accurate and nuanced understanding of human genetics and promote social and scientific equity.

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Answer:

B. Using protective barriers to hold the soil sites exposed by construction activities.

Nearly half of the 5,000 placental mammal species are rodents. Rodents are a diverse group of mammals that include mice, rats, squirrels, beavers, and many others.

They are found on every continent except Antarctica and have adapted to a wide range of environments, from deserts to rainforests. Rodents are known for their gnawing teeth and ability to reproduce quickly, making them prolific in many habitats. While some rodents are considered pests, others play important roles in ecosystems as seed dispersers, pollinators, and prey for predators. Overall, rodents are an important and fascinating group of mammals that contribute to the diversity of life on Earth.

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Answer:

Here are the steps of primary succession in the correct order:

Exposed bare rock due to volcanic eruption or glacier

Pioneer species arrives (like lichen)

Small plants start to grow

Soil starts forming and mosses begin growing

Deciduous trees move in

Evergreen trees start growing

Answer: Physicians commonly apply the chemical iodine to a patient's skin. In this capacity, iodine would be considered D. antiseptic.

An antiseptic is a substance that is applied to the skin to reduce the risk of infection by killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.

It is different from a disinfectant, which is used on non-living surfaces, and an antibiotic, which is used to treat bacterial infections within the body.

A germicide is a substance that kills germs, and may be used as either an antiseptic or a disinfectant. A fungistatic is a substance that inhibits the growth of fungi. Therefore, the correct answer is D. antiseptic.

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Answer:

Because the moon is closer to Earth than the sun, that is to say, the gravitational pull of the moon is stronger than the gravitational pull of the sun affecting the tides more than the sun.

Explanation:

The sun has a larger size than the moon and stronger gravitation. However, as it is farther from the Earth in comparison with the moon, the gravitational pull between the sun and our planet is weaker than the one between the moon and the Earth. Even though the moon is smaller, the gravitational pull is stronger because it is closer to Earth. As a result, the moon affects the tides more than the sun does.

'An enzyme responsible for flower color does not fold correctly in cooler temperatures, and the greenhouse is warmest in the center' best explains the differences in flower color of the African violets in the greenhouse

Much like human skin color, violets' color is driven by proteins, especially in the case of violets, by enzymes. Enzymes (generally like proteins) need to function at a specific temperature. Outside this temperature, the enzyme cannot reach its correct form and eventually its function in vivo changes.

Regarding the above question, the plants were in a greenhouse that changed the natural temperature of the environment, so the violets' color change was due to the enzymes involved in flower color shrinking appropriately at low temperatures and the greenhouse being warm in the middle.

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Complete question :

An African violet grower observes that genetically identical African violet plants growing near the walls of the greenhouse have white flowers, that plants growing farther away from the walls have pale blue flowers, and that plants growing nearest the center of the greenhouse have dark blue flowers.

Which of the following best explains the differences in flower color of the African violets in the greenhouse?

A Warmer temperatures result in genotypic alterations, which result in flower color differences.

B The plants along the walls of the greenhouse are homozygous recessive and therefore have white flowers.

C An enzyme responsible for flower color does not fold correctly in cooler temperatures, and the greenhouse is warmest in the center.

D More light is available along the walls of the greenhouse, so the flowers need less pigment to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.

The Miller-Urey experiment, conducted in 1952 by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, was an important experiment in the field of abiogenesis or the study of the origin of life.

The experiment aimed to simulate the conditions believed to be present on early Earth and test whether organic compounds, the building blocks of life, could be formed under those conditions.

The Miller-Urey experiment showed that the basic building blocks of life, such as amino acids, could be synthesized from simple inorganic compounds. The experiment involved creating an apparatus that simulated Earth's early atmosphere, which consisted of gases like methane, ammonia, water vapor, and hydrogen. By introducing energy in the form of electric sparks to simulate lightning storms, they were able to initiate chemical reactions.

After running the experiment for several days, Miller and Urey analyzed the contents and found that various organic molecules had formed, including several amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. This result was significant because it provided experimental evidence that the organic compounds necessary for life's formation could arise spontaneously from non-living materials under early Earth conditions.

The Miller-Urey experiment suggested that the conditions on early Earth were conducive to the formation of organic molecules, supporting the hypothesis that life could have originated through natural processes. It provided a plausible explanation for the origin of the organic compounds that are essential for life as we know it. Although subsequent research has refined our understanding of the conditions and processes involved in the origin of life, the Miller-Urey experiment was a landmark study that demonstrated the potential for the abiotic synthesis of organic molecules.

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Answer:

B. photosynthesis will not occur

Explanation:

if a plant isn't getting any sunlight, and requires it, then all production stops. You need sunlight to complete the process in photosynthesis.

Answer:

The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.

Natural selection may lead to a decrease in the preference for moonlight as a cue for sea turtle hatchlings to enter the ocean. Individuals with a reduced preference or stronger aversion to automobile headlights may have a higher chance of survival. Similarly, mothers may adapt their nesting behavior to avoid high-risk areas. These adaptations can contribute to the rise and fall of certain preferences in response to the environmental challenges posed by human activities.

In the scenario described, we can hypothesize the effect of natural selection on the preferences exhibited by sea turtle hatchlings and their mothers regarding cues for entering the ocean.

Let's focus on the preference for moonlight as a cue for hatchlings to move toward the ocean. Initially, we can assume that the majority of hatchlings and their mothers have a preference for moonlight as it increases their chances of survival. This preference can be considered as an allele in the gene pool.

However, in beach habitats near roads where automobile headlights mimic moonlight, some hatchlings are lured onto highways, putting them at a significant risk of mortality. This means that hatchlings with a strong preference for moonlight might be more likely to be attracted to headlights and suffer negative consequences.

As a result, natural selection may act upon the preference allele in the gene pool. Hatchlings with a reduced preference for moonlight, or those that exhibit a stronger aversion to automobile headlights, may have a higher chance of surviving and successfully entering the ocean. This preference allele, which favors a response to cues other than moonlight, may increase in frequency over time.

On the other hand, it is also possible that mothers can adapt their behavior based on the increased risk near roads. Mothers with a reduced preference for nesting in beach habitats near roads, or those that actively avoid areas with high traffic, may have a higher likelihood of successfully laying their eggs in safer locations. Over generations, this behavior could become more prevalent in the population.

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Answer:

genetic dominance

Explanation:

Simple Dominance is also known as genetic dominance

The rock cycle plays an important role in the process of calcium carbonate formation is that it is built by plankton and corals. Therefore, it is true that the rock cycle is influenced by the biosphere processes as well as the geological processes.

A rock cycle can be described as the process that leads to the formation of minerals and chemical elements because of the occurrence of natural processes near the oceans and water bodies.

Substances like calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) are one of the influential formations in the rock cycle. The formation of calcium carbonate is highly contributed by the plants and animals to form the plankton as well as the corals on reefs.

Therefore, the significance of the rock cycle has been aforementioned.

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Answer:

1.) Deletions

2.) Insertions

3.) Base substitutions

Explanation:

Hope this helped!

Have a supercalifragilisticexpialidocious day!

Answer:

The correct answers are option A and B

Explanation:

The first colorimeter is reliable because the the reading it is showing is same for all the times the experiment is done. Though the result obtained is wrong but it is reliable.

The second colorimeter is valid and reliable because it is showing the correct results again and again. This is valid result as it is giving the result same as that of actual readings.

Explanation:

lactic acid that accumulates in the muscles of humans during continuous strenuous physical activity

Answer:

Lactic Acid

Explanation:

When you exercise, your body uses oxygen to break down glucose for energy. During intense exercise, there may not be enough oxygen available to complete the process, so a substance called lactate is made. Your body can convert this lactate to energy without using oxygen.