Help with homework explain GRADE12 1-3 please

Cornelis Drebbel designed what is believed to be the world's first air conditioning unit, it is work with the system functioned by employing a process called evaporative cooling, which works on the principle of heat absorption by water evaporation.

Drebbel's invention consisted of a wooden box filled with water, a system of rotating paddles, and a fan driven by a clockwork mechanism. The rotating paddles would splash water onto the walls of the wooden box, creating a thin film of water on the surface. As air was drawn into the box, the water would evaporate, absorbing the heat from the incoming air and causing the air temperature to drop. The cooled air was then circulated throughout the room by the clockwork-driven fan.

This early air conditioning unit was able to maintain a comfortable temperature and humidity level in indoor spaces by taking advantage of the natural cooling properties of water. Although the technology was quite rudimentary compared to modern air conditioning systems, Drebbel's invention laid the groundwork for future developments in environmental control and is an essential part of the history of air conditioning. So therefore Cornelis Drebbel designed what is believed to be the world's first air conditioning unit by evaporative cooling process, which works on the principle of heat absorption by water evaporation.

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Answer:

145.97×10²³ atoms

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of moles of CO₂ = 8.08 mol

Number of atoms of CO₂ = ?

Solution:

1 mole of CO₂ contain 1 mole C atom.

8.08 mole contain 8.08× 1 = 8.08 mole of C atom.

1 mole of CO₂ contain 2 moles of O atom.

8.08mole contain 8.08×2 = 16.16 mole of O atom.

Total number of moles of atoms = 8.08 mole + 16.16 mole

Total number of moles of atoms = 24.24 mol

Number of atoms of CO₂:

1 mole of any substance contain 6.022×10²³ atoms.

24.24 mol ×6.022×10²³ atoms / 1 mol

145.97×10²³ atoms

The name of the alkane structure with three carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms can be either propane or cyclopropane,

The alkane structure with three carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms can be represented by two different models.

Model 1: Propane

In this model, there are three carbon atoms connected by single bonds, with each carbon atom having three hydrogen atoms bonded to it. This structure is known as propane, which is a three-carbon alkane.

Model 2: Cyclopropane

In this model, the three carbon atoms form a cyclical structure, with each carbon atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. This structure is known as cyclopropane, which is a three-carbon cyclic alkane.

So, the name of the alkane structure with three carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms can be either propane or cyclopropane, depending on whether the carbon atoms are arranged in a straight chain or a cyclic form, respectively.

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Various gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and CFCs, are contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, which is the chief factor influencing global climate change.

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in the Earth's atmosphere that trap heat and contribute to the greenhouse effect. Among the most significant GHGs are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). These gases have the ability to absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, effectively trapping heat within the Earth's atmosphere. The accumulation of these gases leads to an enhanced greenhouse effect, resulting in global climate change.

Carbon dioxide is primarily generated by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Methane is released during the production and transport of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as from livestock and other agricultural practices. CFCs are synthetic compounds used in various industrial applications, including refrigeration and aerosol propellants. Although their production has been phased out due to their damaging effects on the ozone layer, CFCs have a significant global warming potential.

The increase in greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2, CH4, and CFCs, is causing a rise in global temperatures and altering the Earth's climate patterns. This phenomenon, known as global climate change or global warming.

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In this sugar water solution, the solute is the 14 grams of sugar. The water acts as the solvent, and together they form the sugar water solution. The solute in the sugar water solution is sugar.

This can be confirmed in three ways. First, the problem states that "14 grams of sugar" is mixed with the water, indicating that sugar is being dissolved in the water. Second, in chemistry, a solute is defined as the substance being dissolved in a solvent (in this case, water). Finally, it is common knowledge that sugar dissolves in water to form a solution. Therefore, sugar is the solute in this sugar water solution.

This answer can be summarized in a paragraph by stating that the solute is the substance being dissolved in a solvent, and in this case, the solute is sugar which is being dissolved in water to form a sugar water solution. a sugar water solution is created by mixing 14 grams of sugar with 1000 ml of water. The solute in this case is the substance that gets dissolved in the solvent to form the solution. In a sugar water solution, the solute is typically the sugar, since it is being dissolved in the water.

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The net ionic equations of the reactions are;

3Mn^3+(aq) + 4PO4^3-(aq) ----> Mn3(PO4)4(s)

Pd^2+(aq)  +  S^2-(aq) ----> PdS(s)

A net ionic equation is a chemical equation that shows only the species that participate in a reaction and contribute to the formation of a product or the consumption of a reactant.

It excludes any spectator ions that do not undergo a chemical change. In other words, it shows the actual chemical species that are involved in the reaction.

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Lactic acid fermentation is not a reasonable long-term solution to a lack of oxygen because it is an inefficient process in terms of energy production and can lead to the accumulation of lactic acid.

During lactic acid fermentation, glucose is converted into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen. This process allows for the regeneration of NAD+ to sustain glycolysis, which is the primary pathway for ATP production in the absence of oxygen. However, lactic acid fermentation produces only a limited amount of ATP compared to aerobic respiration, which is the process that occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Additionally, lactic acid buildup can lead to a decrease in intracellular pH, causing acidification of the cells. This acidic environment can negatively impact cellular processes and potentially lead to cell damage. The accumulation of lactic acid also limits the ability of cells to perform essential functions, including muscle contraction.

In contrast, aerobic respiration, which occurs in the presence of oxygen, is a much more efficient process for ATP production. It generates a significantly higher amount of ATP per glucose molecule compared to lactic acid fermentation. Therefore, in the long term, relying solely on lactic acid fermentation would result in reduced energy production and potential harm to cellular function.

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Answer:

General equation = acid +metal---->salt+ hydrogen

word equation =hydrochlooric acid + magnesium ---> magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas.

Explanation:

I hope this is what you want.

Answer:

The magnesium reacts with the acid, producing visible bubbles of hydrogen gas. ... Magnesium ribbon is a flammable solid. Hydrochloric acid is a corrosive liquid. Hydrogen gas is explosive.

Summary: Magnesium, mossy zinc and copper foil are reacted with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas and a salt. The reaction rates are compared. Hazards: Hydrochloric acid is corrosive and toxic.

If you want a solution that is less than saturated, the amount of HCl needed is less - in this case, 27.5g.

Saturated refers to a state of being filled to capacity or having reached its maximum level. In chemistry, it is used to describe a molecule or compound that has all its available bonds filled with either single or multiple bonds. It is a state of maximum solubility, meaning that no more of a substance can dissolve in a given solvent. In physical science, it can also refer to the highest temperature where a substance can exist in the liquid state without boiling.

The amount of HCl required to make a solution with 100g of water saturated at 60 degrees C depends on the concentration of the HCl solution you are trying to make. If you want to make a saturated solution, the maximum amount of HCl that can be dissolved in 100g of water at 60 degrees C is 55g. If you want a solution that is less than saturated, the amount of HCl needed is less - in this case, 27.5g.

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A person suffering from beriberi (deficiency of vitamin B1) lacks the ability to readily produce energy. Beriberi is a disease that is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine) in the body.

Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin and is an essential nutrient that is required for the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose to produce energy. A deficiency of vitamin B1 can affect the nervous system, heart, and muscles in the body, leading to the symptoms of beriberi.

Beriberi is more common in people who consume a diet that is low in thiamine, such as those who consume a diet high in polished rice, alcoholics, and people with gastrointestinal disorders.

Symptoms of beriberi include muscle wasting, tingling and numbness in the limbs, confusion, difficulty walking, and heart failure. In summary, a person suffering from beriberi (deficiency of vitamin B1) lacks the ability to readily produce energy.

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Answer:

They are highly lustrous metals which are resistant to corrosion. They are highly malleable and ductile so can be transformed into any shape or design.

Explanation:

The combustion of methane, CH4, releases 890.4 kJ/mol. That is, when one mole of methane is burned, 890.4 kJ are given off to the surroundings. This means that the products have 890.4 kJ less than the reactants.

Combustion of one mole or 16 g of methane gas releases 810 kJ of heat energy. Thus, heat released by the combustion of 22.4 g of methane is 1134 kJ.

Combustion of a substance is its reaction with atmospheric oxygen producing carbon dioxide and water. Combustion of hydrocarbons gases takes places easily and can be burned easily for fuels.

The chemical equation of combustion of methane is written below:

\(\rm CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + 2H_{2}O\)

This is an exothermic process and heat is released from the reaction system.

The heat released by the combustion of one mole of methane is 810 kJ.

molar mass of methane = 16 g/mol

no.of moles in 22.4 g = 22.4/16 = 1.4 g

Thus, heat released by 1.4 moles = 1.4 ×810 kJ =1134 kJ.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A petrifying well is a well which gives objects a stone-like appearance. If an object is placed into such a well and left there for a period of months or years, the object acquires a stony exterior.

Answer:

the protons

Explanation:

the number of protons is constant for each sample of the element. If the number of protons differs, then it is a different element.

The characteristic of an element's atoms that always determines the element's identity is the number of protons. The correct option is C.

A chemical element is a substance that cannot be broken down further through any chemical reaction. Each element's atom contains a distinct number of protons.

A hydrogen atom, for example, has one proton, whereas a carbon atom has six. Ions are created by varying the number of electrons in an element's atom.

The number of protons determines an element's identity. The number of protons cannot be changed without changing the element's identity.

The atomic number increases by one when a proton is added, and the element identity changes.

Color, density, melting point, boiling point, and thermal and electrical conductivity are all properties of elements.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:

The location of valence electrons.

The number of energy levels.

The number of protons.

The number of neutrons.

Na releases 1 electron to be stable

Cl requires 1 electron to be stable

both are ionic bonded to be stable

Answer:

Its when like two pure substances are like combined into one.

Explanation:

The correct abbreviation for each metric unit is:

Kilogram - kg, Milliliter - ml, Kilometer- Km, Meter- m, Millimeter - mm, Centimeter - cm, Gram - g,  Liter - L, and Milligram - mg.

The metric system can be described as a system of measurement that succeeded the decimalized system based on the meter.  Each of the fundamental dimensions can be expressed by a single base unit of measure.

For quantities derived from the base units of the system, units derived from the base units are used such as the square meter being the derived unit for the area, a quantity derived from length.

Metric units can be described as units based on the meter, gram, or second and decimal multiples or sub-multiples of these. The units of the International System of Units (SI). By extension, they involve units of electromagnetism from the CGS units and SI units systems.

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Based on the information on the student looking for an element that will bond with sodium, the element that will likely bond with sodium is bromine.

Elements bond with one another in a chemical manner to form compounds, which cannot be broken down into their constituent elements without being destroyed.

According to this question, a student is looking for an element that will bond with sodium (Na) with the knowledge that table salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine (Cl).

This suggests that an element that will likely bond with sodium must be in the same group with chlorine because they will possess the same chemical properties.

Therefore, based on this information, the element that will likely bond with sodium is bromine.

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Mendeleev's periodic table was helped more in creating modern periodic table as he arranged elements in the increasing order of atomic mass and moreover, he tried to arrange the elements on the basis of their reaction with hydrogen and oxygen because they are most reactive elements, react with most of other elements. In his period, 63 elements were known. So, this made quite easy for modern periodic table.

Here are some predictions of Mendeleev

Advantages of Mendeleev's periodic table

\({ \star}\)Elements were grouped on more fundamental basis.

\({ \star}\)Because of their placement in the periodic table, properties of several elements yet to be discovered like scandium, gallium and germanium could be predicted.

scandium predicted as Eka boron

gallium predicted as Eka aluminum

germanium predicted as Eka silicon

\({ \star}\)Gaps for 40 new elements were kept.

\({ \star}\)The discovery of new elements inert gases did not disturbed the arrangement and they found their place as a new group.

Answer:

Explanation:

Soon, Mendeleev was predicting the properties of three elements – gallium, scandium and germanium – that had not then been discovered. So convinced was he of the soundness of his periodic law that he left gaps for these elements in his table.

Answer:

C2H7N

Explanation:

Flammability = A. How easily a substance can be set on fire.

Toxicity = D. The ability of a substance to damage or harm an organism.

Malleability = C. The ability of a solid to bend or be hammered into a new shape.

Heat of Combustion = B. How much heat is given off when a substance is burned.

A substance's heat of combustion, also known as its calorific value or energy value, can be defined as the amount of heat liberated when a given amount of the substance is burned.

Combustion heats are typically determined by burning a known amount of the material in a bomb calorimeter with an excess of oxygen. The heat of combustion can be calculated by measuring the temperature change.

The energy released when a substance X completely burns with an excess of oxygen under standard conditions (25°C and 1 bar). It is the inverse of the enthalpy change for the combustion reaction in thermodynamic terms.

Thus,Heat of Combustion is how much heat is given off when a substance is burned.

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The temperature is 110.6 °C. The normal "boiling point" of toluene is 110.6 °C.

A pure toluene's boiling point, 110.6° C (i.e. 231.1° F in Fahrenheit) is a colourless, flammable,  insoluble in water, toxic liquid but soluble in all the common organic solvents.

And at higher altitudes, boiling point of the liquid decreases and lowers because the atmospheric pressure is lower and this depends on amount of impurities in liquids, along with the atmospheric pressure.

Toluene is a colorless, flammable liquid and sweet smelling with aromatic odor that derives from petroleum and coal tar. It is stated as aromatic hydrocarbon and the reason is "it has containing benzene ring", that causes the molecule to be extra and more stable than the other hydrocarbons.

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The answer to question is that metal sulfides can be prepared by bubbling hydrogen sulfide gas through an aqueous solution containing the metal ion, and then adjusting the pH. The process involves saturating the solution with H2S, which occurs when the concentration of H2S reaches a certain level.

At this point, the H2S gas reacts with the metal ions in the solution to form metal sulfides, which are insoluble and can be filtered and collected.

An explanation for why this method works is that metal sulfides are generally insoluble in water, which means that they can be precipitated out of solution. By adding H2S gas, which is a reducing agent, to the solution, the metal ions are reduced to their sulfide form. This reaction is favored at low pH, which means that adjusting the pH of the solution can help to promote the formation of metal sulfides. Overall, this method is a relatively simple and efficient way to prepare metal sulfides, and can be used for a wide range of metals and applications.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

The limiting reactant in the reaction is Fe. 223.2 g of Fe reacts with oxygen gives 319.2 g of the product Fe₂O₃. Then, 6.5 g if Fe gives approximately 9.4 g of product. Hence, option C is correct.

The limiting reactant in a reaction is the reactant which is insufficient in amount and as soon as it is consumed, the reaction stops.

The reaction between Fe and O₂ is written as:

\(\rm 4Fe + 3O_{2} \rightarrow 2Fe_{2}O_{3}\)

Atomic mass of Fe = 55.8 g/mol

no.of moles in 6.3 g = 6.3/55.8 = 0.11

mass of oxygen molecule = 32 g/mol

no.of moles in 3.1 g = 3.1/32 = 0.098

3 moles of oxygen needs 4 moles of Fe. Hence, 0.098 moles needs 0.12 mole. But we have 0.11 only. Hence, Fe is the limiting reactant.

mass of 4 moles of Fe = 223.2 g

molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 159.6 g/mol

mass of 2 moles = 319.2 g.

Then, mass of Fe₂O₃ produced from 6.3 g of Fe is:

( 6.3 × 319.2)/223.2 = 9 g.

Therefore, option C is correct.

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(A) Number of neutrons = 7, (B) Atomic Number = 8, (C) Mass number = 27, (D) Atomic number = 38, (E) Mass number = 86

D and E are the isotopes of the same element.

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons in their atomic nucleus but differ in the number of neutrons. This means that isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number (which determines the element's chemical properties) but different atomic masses.

For example, the element carbon has three isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14, which have 6, 7, and 8 neutrons, respectively. Isotopes of an element behave similarly in chemical reactions, but their physical properties, such as density and melting point, may be different due to the differences in atomic mass. Isotopes are commonly used in various applications such as radiometric dating, isotopic labeling in biological research, and nuclear energy production.

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Answer: The volume of the gas is 1.98 L.

Explanation:

To calculate the final volume of the system, we use the equation given by Charles' Law. This law states that volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure.

Mathematically,

\(\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}\)

where,

\(V_1\text{ and }T_1\) are the initial volume and temperature of the gas.

\(V_2\text{ and }T_2\) are the final volume and temperature of the gas.

We are given:

\(V_1=2.2L\\T_1=30^oC=(30+273)K=303K\\V_2=?\\T_2=0^0C=(0+273)K=273K\)

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\(\frac{2.2}{303}=\frac{V_2}{273}\\\\V_2=1.98L\)

Thus the volume of the gas is 1.98 L

Answer:

vocla cords

Explanation: