Identify A and B, isomers of molecular formula C3H4Cl2, from the given 1H NMR data: Compound A exhibits peaks at 1.75 (doublet, 3 H, J = 6.9 Hz) and 5.89 (quartet, 1 H, J = 6.9 Hz) ppm. Compound B exhibits peaks at 4.16 (singlet, 2 H), 5.42 (doublet, 1 H, J = 1.9 Hz), and 5.59 (doublet, 1 H, J = 1.9 Hz) ppm. Compound A: draw structure Compound B: draw structure

Answer:

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction, also known as analysis or dissociation, is a type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements. In this reaction, a single reactant undergoes a chemical change and produces two or more products.

The decomposition reaction can be represented by the general equation:

AB → A + B

Where AB is the reactant, and A and B are the products. The reactant AB is usually a compound, and it breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds.

There are different types of decomposition reactions, including:

Thermal decomposition: It occurs when a compound is heated, resulting in its decomposition into simpler substances. For example, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Electrolytic decomposition: It takes place when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, causing it to break down into its component ions. For instance, the electrolysis of water (H2O) leads to the decomposition into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2):

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Photochemical decomposition: It occurs when a compound undergoes decomposition due to exposure to light energy. Chlorine gas (Cl2) can decompose into chlorine atoms (Cl) under the influence of light:

Cl2 → 2Cl

These are just a few examples of decomposition reactions. They are important in various chemical processes and are used in industries, laboratory experiments, and natural phenomena. By understanding and controlling decomposition reactions, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of different compounds and develop practical applications in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science.

Answer:

Explanation:

reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements

Answer:

a

Explanation:

im thinking because the water is a room temperature there shouldnt be anm immence amount og heat energy for it to have a good amount of energy tho i could be wrong because its not moving it could have no energy.

Answer: please tell me i have this exact thing on a test rn i need the answer

Explanation:

Answer:

In particular, cesium (Cs) can give up its valence electron more easily than can lithium (Li). The easy of giving up an electron varies as follows: Cs > Rb > K > Na > Li with Cs the most likely, and Li the least likely, to lose an electron. In fact, for the alkali metals (the elements in Group 1). I hope I helped you.

Cesium gives the electrons more easily than rubidium .

Electrons are defined as  negatively charged subatomic particles that together with protons and neutrons forms an atoms nucleus.

Electrons are the smallest particles in an atom, and they have a negative charge.

The electron is the lightest and most stable subatomic particle.

Electrons are subatomic particles with an elementary charge of -1.

Neutrons are defined as subatomic particles that are one of the primary constituents of atomic nuclei.

Protons are defined as stable subatomic positively charged particles which are present in nucleus of an atom.

The trend of electron donation is

Cesium > Rubidium > Potassium > Sodium > Lithium

Thus, Cesium gives the electrons more easily than rubidium .

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Answer:

A three-carbon chain has a straight line extending from the center carbon.

Explanation:

Isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

Butane and 2-methylpropane are constitutional isomers. Constitutional isomers differ in the way that the constituent atoms are connected to each other.

Butane is a straight chain compound while the compound 2-methylpropane consists of a three-carbon chain which has a straight line extending from the center carbon.

Answer:

it is b on edge 2021

Explanation:

Answer:

During lubrication, a viscous fluid acts as a layer between two sliding surfaces and reduces the friction between them.

Explanation:

Answer:

There are two direct factors that affect solubility: temperature and pressure.

Explanation:

Temperature affects the solubility of both solids and gases.

Pressure only affects the solubility of gases

The false statement is Option (d)

d) Suppose you were 60ft beneath the surface of ocean scuba diving and took a deep breath of air from your tank and held your breath. It is a good idea to start ascending without exhaling.

If you hold your breath while ascending to the surface, your lungs and the air within them expands as the water pressure weakens. since the air has no place to get out it will be pressurized between the wall of the lungs. It gets keep on swelling between the walls of the lungs .

Frequent changes in the pressure of the air which is present in the walls of the lungs during the ascending or descending without exhaling can cause a serious lung injury.

When a scuba diver descends to deeper depths in the oceans he has to breathe air through a device the compressed air consists of 71% nitrogen and 28% oxygen.

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Answer:

Tea is getting hot on the stove.  

2) As the tea and water gets hot, some combined molecules of tea and water will escape from the teapot.  

3) Those escaped molecules now have the entire free space of the entire room to float around in, which they do (because they have high kinetic energy due to being heated).  

4) Hence, in this scenario, your nose will detect a few of those molecules and you smell hot or warm tea.  

5) Cold tea would be a different story. Cold beverages like cold tea do not have the kinetic energy where molecules can 'break free' of the surrounding container. Someone could be sitting in the room having a can or bottle of cold tea and you would not notice that when you walked in the door.

Answer:

Explanation:

A large number of elk in Yellowstone Park could affect the number of beavers due to competition for resources. Here's a detailed explanation:

Habitat Destruction: Elk are herbivores that graze on vegetation, including willow and aspen trees, which are important food sources for beavers. If the elk population is high and they consume a significant amount of vegetation, it can lead to habitat destruction for beavers. With a reduced availability of suitable food and habitat, beaver populations may decline.

Altered Vegetation Dynamics: When elk consume a large amount of vegetation, it can alter the structure and composition of plant communities. This can result in changes in the availability and quality of food sources for beavers. If the preferred vegetation for beavers declines due to heavy grazing by elk, it can negatively impact beaver populations.

Predation Risk: An abundance of elk can attract predators such as wolves and bears, which are known to prey on elk. Increased predation pressure can lead elk to alter their behavior and movement patterns, potentially avoiding areas with higher predator activity. This avoidance behavior by elk can indirectly benefit beavers by reducing the risk of predation. As a result, beaver populations may benefit from the reduced presence of predators associated with high elk populations.

It is important to note that the relationship between elk and beavers is complex and can be influenced by various factors such as ecological interactions, habitat conditions, and predator-prey dynamics. Therefore, the impact of elk on beaver populations in Yellowstone Park may vary depending on specific circumstances and ecosystem dynamics.

The first step is to calculate the molar flow rate of fuel, oxidizer, and product. This is done by dividing the mass flow rate (0.5 kg/s) by the molecular weight of each species (29 kg/kmol).

Molecular is a term used to describe the smallest units of matter. Molecules are made up of atoms and are held together by a chemical bond, which involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.

This gives us the following molar flow rates:

Fuel: 0.017 kmol/s

Oxidizer: 0.027 kmol/s

Product: 0.046 kmol/s

Next, we need to calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Since we are dealing with a single product species, the enthalpy change can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔH = (hf f o , + hf ox o , - hf o , pr) * n

Where:

hf f o , = Enthalpy of formation of fuel

hf ox o , = Enthalpy of formation of oxidizer

hf o , pr = Enthalpy of formation of product

n = Molar flow rate of product

Substituting the given values, we get the following:

ΔH = (-2000 + 0 - (-4000)) * 0.046 = 920 kJ/s

Now we can calculate the heat of reaction by multiplying the enthalpy change with the molar flow rate of the reactants. This gives us the following result:

Heat of reaction = (0.017 kmol/s * 920 kJ/s) + (0.027 kmol/s * 920 kJ/s) = 24.12 kJ/s

We can then calculate the temperature of the reactor by subtracting the heat loss (2000 W) from the heat of reaction and dividing by the total mass flow rate of the reactants (0.5 kg/s) multiplied by the specific heat capacity (1100 J/kg-K). This gives us the following result:

T = (24.12 kJ/s - 2000 W) / (0.5 kg/s * 1100 J/kg-K) = 436 K

Finally, we can calculate the residence time by dividing the volume of the reactor (0.003 m3) by the total mass flow rate of the reactants (0.5 kg/s). This gives us the following result:

Residence time = 0.003 m3 / 0.5 kg/s = 0.006 s

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The temperature in the reactor is approximately 10.74 K. and 0.006 s.  

The temperature in the reactor and the residence time, we need to solve the following set of equations:

dU = w + Q / m

Next, we need to find the rate of change of mass flow rate, which is given by:

dm = Fv - D

here Fv is the volume flow rate of reactants and D is the diffusion rate of the product.

Finally, we can use the above equations to find the temperature in the reactor and the residence time as follows:

Temperature in the reactor:

T = (dU / Q) / (m / cP)

here cP is the specific heat at constant pressure.

Residence time:

t = (m / D)

We can assume that the reactants have a volume flow rate of 0.5 kg/s and the product species has a volume flow rate of 0.001 kg/s. Therefore, the mass flow rate of the reactants is:

m = 0.5 kg/s * 0.002 m3/kg = 0.001 kg/s

The diffusion rate of the product can be calculated as:

D = k * (yox - yf) / (yf + yox)

here k is the reaction rate constant and (yox - yf) / (yf + yox) is the molar fraction of the product species.

Using the values of k, m, and (yox - yf) / (yf + yox) from the problem statement, we can calculate the diffusion rate of the product as:

D = 1 * (0.003 - 0.2) / (0.2 + 0.003)

= 0.00006 / 0.003

= 0.1833

Therefore, the residence time of the reactor is:

t = (0.001 kg/s / 0.1833 kg/mol) = 0.051 s

The temperature in the reactor is given by:

T = (dU / Q) / (m / cP)

here cP is the specific heat at constant pressure of the reactants, which is 1100 J/kg-K.

T = (w + Q / m) / (0.001 kg/s / 1100 J/kg-K) / (0.001 kg/s / 0.003 m3/kg)

= 10.74 K

Residence time = 0.003 m3 / 0.5 kg/s = 0.006 s

Therefore, the temperature in the reactor is approximately 10.74 K and 0.006 s.  

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Answer: If a pinch of mercury is consumed you will die from it so using a mercury thermometer is very unsafe if its breaks and a child consumes that mercury.

Explanation:

Don't use one

If the glass breaks and the mercury is not properly cleaned up, the little silvery ball within a mercury thermometer might be hazardous. As the mercury evaporates, it may pollute the air around and turn dangerous to both people and animals.

Children that have been exposed to mercury have lower IQs, hearing impairments, and worse coordination.

Long-term exposure worsens and exacerbates symptoms, which may lead to personality changes or even coma.

Mercury thermometers can be replaced by a number of things:

These non-mercury fever thermometers are significantly safer and equally accurate as mercury thermometers.

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Answer:

SiF4 is not a polar covalent bond.

Explanation:

SiF4 is a nonpolar molecule because the fluorine's are arranged around the central silicon atom in a tetrahedral molecule with all of the regions of negative charge cancelling each other out.

Answer: 9.656332386078939e-21

Explanation:

The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 grams H2O is equal to 0.055508435061792 mole. Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results. Use this page to learn how to convert between grams H2O and mole. Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units

Answer:

This 2.5061243 moles is in 4 liters.

The answer should be d) 10, 12, 22

When the dry ingredients of a cake are combined, the result is a mixture. Option 3.

In chemistry, mixtures are substances that are obtained by mixing two or more chemically different substances together with each substance maintaining its chemical identity. In other words, the components of a mixture are still chemically unique and can be separated by physical means.

Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Homogenous mixtures are mixtures in which the components are uniformly dispersed throughout the entire mixture. For heterogeneous mixtures, the components are not uniform throughout the mixture.

Thus, when the dry ingredients of a cake, such as flour, sugar, etc., are combined, what we are going to have is a mixture. Whether this mixture would be homogenous or heterogeneous will depend on the level of mixing. Whatever the case may be, the components can still be separated by physical means.

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Answer:

In a saturated solution of potassium nitrate (KNO3), the rate of dissolution and the rate of recrystallization are equal. This equilibrium state is reached when the amount of KNO3 that dissolves equals the amount that recrystallizes from the solution.

The equilibrium can be influenced by various factors such as temperature and pressure. For example, if you increase the temperature of the solution, the solubility of potassium nitrate increases, meaning that more KNO3 can dissolve before reaching saturation. This would momentarily increase the rate of dissolution until a new equilibrium is reached where the rates of dissolution and recrystallization are equal again, but at a higher concentration of KNO3.

To summarize, in a saturated solution of KNO3, the rate of dissolving KNO3 is equal to the rate of recrystallization of KNO3. This is a characteristic of dynamic equilibrium in solutions.

The concentration of both [H+] and [OH−] in a neutral solution at the freezing point of water (0°C) is \($1.095\times10^{-8}\text{ mol/L}$\), based on the value of Kw.

At the freezing point of water (0°C), the ion product constant, Kw, has a value of \(1.2 \times 10^{-15}\). For a neutral solution, the concentration of [H+] equals the concentration of [OH−]. Therefore, we can represent the concentrations of [H+] and [OH−] with the symbol x. At 0°C, the following equilibrium reaction is established in water:

\($ \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}^+ + \text{OH}^- $\)

The equilibrium constant for this reaction is given by the expression:

\($K_w = [\text{H}^+][\text{OH}^-]$\)

Since we know that Kw equals \(1.2 \times 10^{-15\) at 0°C, we can substitute this value into the expression above and obtain:

\(1.2 \times 10^{-15} = x^2\)

Taking the square root of both sides, we get:

x = [H+] = [OH−] = 1.095×10−8

Therefore, the concentration of both [H+] and [OH−] in a neutral solution at the freezing point of water (0°C) is 1.095×10−8 mol/L. It is important to note that at different temperatures, the value of Kw changes, and so does the concentration of [H+] and [OH−] in a neutral solution.

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Answer:

solid(particles are rightly packed)

liquid(particles are losely packed)

gas(particles move freely)

Explanation:

there u go, hope it helps

Answer:

2.104 L fuel

Explanation:

Given that:

Volume of water = 35 L = 35 × 10³ mL

initial temperature of water = 25.0 ° C

The amount of heat needed to boil water at this temperature can be calculated by using the formula:

\(q_{boiling} = mc \Delta T\)

where

specific heat   of water c= 4.18 J/g° C

\(q_{boiling} = 35 \times 10^{3} \times \dfrac{1.00 \ g}{1 \ mL} \times 4.18 \ J/g^0 C \times (100 - 25)^0 C\)

\(q_{boiling} = 10.9725 \times 10^6 \ J\)

Also; Assume that the fuel has an average formula of C7 H16 and 15% of the heat generated from combustion goes to heat the water;

thus the heat of combustion can be determined via the expression

\(q_{combustion} =- \dfrac{q_{boiling}}{0.15}\)

\(q_{combustion} =- \dfrac{10.9725 \times 10^6 J}{0.15}\)

\(q_{combustion} = -7.315 \times 10^{7} \ J\)

\(q_{combustion} = -7.315 \times 10^{4} \ kJ\)

For heptane; the equation for its combustion reaction can be written as:

\(C_7H_{16} + 11O_{2(g)} -----> 7CO_{2(g)}+ 8H_2O_{(g)}\)

The standard enthalpies of the  products and the reactants are:

\(\Delta H _f \ CO_{2(g)} = -393.5 kJ/mol\)

\(\Delta H _f \ H_2O_{(g)} = -242 kJ/mol\)

\(\Delta H _f \ C_7H_{16 }_{(g)} = -224.4 kJ/mol\)

\(\Delta H _f \ O_{2{(g)}} = 0 kJ/mol\)

Therefore; the standard enthalpy for this combustion reaction is:

\(\Delta H ^0= \sum n_p\Delta H^0_{f(products)}- \sum n_r\Delta H^0_{f(reactants)}\)

\(\Delta H^0 =( 7 \ mol ( -393.5 \ kJ/mol) + 8 \ mol (-242 \ kJ/mol) -1 \ mol( -224.4 \ kJ/mol) - 11 \ mol (0 \ kJ/mol))\)

\(\Delta H^0 = (-2754.5 \ \ kJ - 1936 \ \ kJ+224.4 \ \ kJ+0 \ \ kJ)\)

\(\Delta H^0 = -4466.1 \ kJ\)

This simply implies that the amount of heat released from 1 mol of C7H16 = 4466.1 kJ

However the number of moles of fuel required to burn \(7.315 \times 10^{4} \ kJ\) heat released is:

\(n_{fuel} = \dfrac{q}{\Delta \ H^0}\)

\(n_{fuel} = \dfrac{-7.315 \times 10^{4} \ kJ}{-4466.1 \ kJ}\)

\(n_{fuel} = 16.38 \ mol \ of \ C_7 H_{16\)

Since number of moles = mass/molar mass

The  mass of the fuel is:

\(m_{fuel } = 16.38 mol \times 100.198 \ g/mol}\)

\(m_{fuel } = 1.641 \times 10^{3} \ g\)

Given that the density of the fuel is = 0.78 g/mL

and we know that :

density = mass/volume

therefore making volume the subject of the formula in order to determine the volume of the fuel ; we have

volume of the fuel = mass of the fuel / density of the fuel

volume of the fuel = \(\dfrac{1.641 \times 10^3 \ g }{0.78 g/mL} \times \dfrac{L}{10^3 \ mL}\)

volume of the fuel  = 2.104 L fuel

yes ions add another atom

ions are electrically charged particles that can be created by either taking electrons away from neutral atoms to form positive ions or adding electrons to neutral atoms to produce negative ions. The quantity of protons remains constant during the formation of an ion.

Ionic bonds are defined as connections between atoms in which electrons are primarily transported from one atom to another. Since there is always some electron sharing between atoms, we say largely because the sharing in ionic bonds is relatively uneven. The bond has a stronger ionic character the more unequally the electrons are shared.

Between a metal and a non-metal, ionic bonding form. Ionic bonds, as opposed to covalent ones, involve the transfer of valence electrons between atoms.

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yes Ions can be combined with other atoms to create new elements or compounds.

However not all ions are atoms, an atom can be an ion.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A hypothesis for viscosity could be that the viscosity of a fluid is directly proportional to its temperature. This means that as the temperature of a fluid increases, its viscosity will decrease, and as the temperature decreases, its viscosity will increase.

The correct order of the scientists who made significant contributions to our understanding of the structure and function of DNA is II, I , III, V, IV.

In molecular biology, DNA is describes as the most important component that carries genetic information.

In DNA, the particular information is stored which is processed to manufacture large macro-molecules such as proteins.

The genetic information and instructions are stored in large structures called chromosomes which are found in each cell.

Great number of short fragments of DNA join together to form chromosomes which play their role in mutation, replication, gene expressing and encoding of information.

Simply put, detailed 3D-model of DNA was suggested by Crick and Watson in 1993 which shows that DNA  is a double helix structure made up of nucleotide chains and nitrogenous bases.

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Answer:

D) C5H12

Explanation:

The rate of evaporation of a solution depends on the nature of intermolecular forces in the solution. The stronger the magnitude of intermolecular forces present the lower the rate of evaporation.

If we consider the compounds; C7H15OH, C7H15NH2 and C6H13COOH, the presence of polar groups implies that dipole-dipole interactions are present in the molecule leading to stronger intermolecular interaction and a slower rate of evaporation.

On the other hand; C7H16 and C5H12 are alkanes. The intermolecular forces that exists between their molecules is the weak dispersion forces. However, the magnitude of dispersion forces increases as the molecular mass of the compound increases.

Hence, C5H12 has the fastest rate of evaporation since it has the lowest molecular mass.

Answer:So, the mass of 6.023×1023 6.023 × 10 23 molecules of HCl is 36.46 g.

Explanation:

Answer: simple distillation is used to separate substances in mixtures with widely disparate boiling points, whereas fractional distillation is used for mixtures containing chemicals with similar boiling points.

Explanation:

250 kJ of energy are removed from a 4.00 x 102 g sample of water at 60˚C. Will the sample of water completely freeze: Yes, because there is enough energy.

250 kJ of energy are removed from a 4.00 x 102 g sample of water at 60˚C. Will the sample of water completely freeze: Yes, because there is enough energy.

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The enthalpy of the reaction as seen from the calculations is - 137.2 kJ/mol.

To determine the enthalpy change of a reaction, we need to know the difference between the enthalpy of the products and the enthalpy of the reactants. This difference is known as the enthalpy change or the heat of reaction.

The enthalpy change of a reaction can be calculated using the following formula:

ΔH = ΣnΔHf(products) - ΣmΔHf(reactants)

where ΔH is the enthalpy change of the reaction, n and m are the stoichiometric coefficients of the products and reactants, respectively, and ΔHf is the standard enthalpy of formation of the species.

Enthalpy of reaction = Enthalpy of products - Enthalpy of reactants

(-84.7) -(52.5 + 0)

- 137.2 kJ/mol

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