if you consider the combined processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, the electrons found in h2o at the beginning of the light reactions end up attaching to ________ during respiration.

During volume changes in the thoracic cavity, the diaphragm is primarily responsible for changes in length.

The diaphragm flattens and tightens during inhalation, and the chest cavity widens. A vacuum is produced by the contraction, drawing air into the lungs. The diaphragm relaxes and assumes its dome-like form during exhalation, forcing air from the lungs. This implies that when the volume of the thoracic cavity changes during inhalation and exhalation, the diaphragm plays a vital role in length.

The external intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles, innermost intercostal muscles, sub-costalis, and transversal thoracic are the five muscles that make up the thoracic wall. During respiration, the volume of thoracic cavity is predominantly altered by these muscles.

To know more about diaphragm, refer to the following link:

https://brainly.com/question/20050298

#SPJ4

The steps in the correct order to assess our understanding of the phases in the process of phagocytosis are: chemotaxis, recognition and attachment, engulfment, phagosome formation, phagosome-lysosome fusion, degradation and exocytosis.

1. Chemotaxis: The phagocyte is attracted to the site of infection or tissue damage by chemical signals released by microbes, damaged cells, or other immune cells.

2. Recognition and attachment: The phagocyte recognizes the foreign particle or pathogen using specific receptors on its surface. It then binds to the pathogen, initiating phagocytosis.

3. Engulfment: The phagocyte extends its cell membrane around the pathogen, eventually enclosing it within a pocket called a phagosome.

4. Phagosome formation: The phagosome, containing the ingested pathogen, detaches from the cell membrane and moves into the cytoplasm of the phagocyte.

5. Phagosome-lysosome fusion: The phagosome fuses with a lysosome, a specialized organelle containing digestive enzymes and antimicrobial molecules, to form a phagolysosome.

6. Degradation: The contents of the phagolysosome are broken down by the lysosomal enzymes, destroying the pathogen.

7. Exocytosis: The remaining debris from the degraded pathogen is expelled from the phagocyte through exocytosis, leaving the phagocyte ready to initiate another round of phagocytosis.
To know more about phagocytosis visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28285790
#SPJ11

Overuse of antibiotics,  has lead to the evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

The Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans is one of the main reasons.

This resistance does not depends upon the age

The mutations which happen in the gene of bacteria which causes disease even after antibiotics their role is to pass these genes along to their descendants and this is how antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria are formed.

disadvantage of antibiotic resistant bacteria is that now it may leads to higher medical costs, longer hospital stays, and increased death rates.

even after new medicine development the threat will still exists,

To know more about bacteria,

https://brainly.com/question/8008968

#SPJ4

Answer:

Onion cell

Explanation:

Plant cells tend to be larger in size

Animals that have spinal cord are called vertebrates, and those without are called invertebrates.

The spinal cord is a structure rich in nerves which runs from the bottom of the brain stems to the lower back.

The spinal cord aids movement of body parts which is why spinal cord injuries usually ends up with individuals not being able to use parts of the body such as the legs.

The Spinal cord also helps to relay messages and signals from the brain to other parts of the body.

For more details regarding spinal cord, visit

https://brainly.com/question/12822491

#SPJ1

Answer:

the stereotype is that all australians are zookeepers? and wear clothes like that.

Explanation:

The correct order sequence for how cancer cells multiply and spread is as follows 2, 4, 3, 1.

The process of cancer cell multiplication and spread follows a specific sequence. It begins with the formation of a tumor in the epithelium, which is the first step mentioned in option 2. As the tumor grows, cancer cells have the potential to invade nearby tissues. This occurs when the cancer cells break through the base of the epithelium, as stated in option 4. Once they invade the surrounding tissues, cancer cells can enter the bloodstream and travel to other parts of the body. This is described in option 3, where the cells may adhere to the capillary wall in organs such as the liver. Finally, the cancer cells can multiply and form metastases, which are secondary tumors in distant locations from the primary tumor. This is the last step mentioned in option 1.

Learn more about epithelium here:

https://brainly.com/question/30889288

#SPJ11

Answer:

Core. Compositional layer of Earth just below the mantle to the center. ...

Crust. Compositional outermost solid layer of Earth. ...

Mantle. The compositional layer of Earth between the core & the crust. ...

Lithosphere. ...

Asthenosphere. ...

Mesosphere. ...

Outer Core. ...

Inner Core.

Explanation:

now help me with my math please

The earth is divided into three main layers crust, mantle and core.

The earth is a rocky planet that is made up of three layers that are divided into the upper and lower parts. In order to understand the geologic composition of the earth.

Hence the earth is divided into the physical characteristics.

brainly.com/question/18582902.

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

Answer:

H+ protons will not be delivered from the cytoplasm towards the extracellular side of the cell membrane

Explanation:

ATP synthases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate bonds in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or the formation of ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate. The hydrolysis of ATP produces the rotation of a ring composed of six or more structurally different ATPase C subunits. The rotation of this ring enables the delivery of H+ protons towards the extracellular membrane surface and this gradient is used to generate energy by producing ATP. In consequence, when the ATPase ring can not move, H+ will accumulate in the cytoplasm, the proton gradient through the membrane will not occur, and ATP will not be produced.

Answer:

Difference is

Explanation:

Stem cells have the ability to divide and replicate themselves for prolonged periods of time. However, body cells such as muscle cells, blood cells, and nerve cells cannot replicate themselves. Stem cells can also remain unspecialized when they replicate.

Answer: Im positive is true i hope this helps

Explanation: i leanded this last year

Plants do not excrete \(CO_{2}\) as a byproduct of carbon fixation; rather, they release it during respiration, just like animals. Option C does not correctly describe the exchange of compounds between plants and animals.

During photosynthesis, plants consume \(CO_{2}\) and release \(O_{2}\) as a byproduct, and during respiration, they consume \(O_{2}\) and release \(CO_{2}\) as a byproduct.

In contrast, animals primarily consume \(O_{2}\) and release \(CO_{2}\) during respiration.

Therefore, option C is incorrect, and the other options accurately describe the exchange of compounds between plants and animals, including the utilization of \(CO_{2}\), \(O_{2}\), and \(NH_{4}\).

To know more about photosynthesis, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/29775046#

#SPJ11

Answer:

the first stop is used to fill the micropipette tip and the second stop is used to dispense the content of the tip

Yes; The proteins of One specialized cell are made in specialized cells of a different type.

A cell that is specialised has particular features that enable it to perform its specific function in the body.

All cells begin as stem cells, which can differentiate into a wide variety of other cell types. To become specialised, they go through a process known as differentiation.

Diverse environmental factors influence how the cell makes proteins during differentiation.

Through gene regulation, individual genes can be activated or inactivated, which results in the production of unique proteins that give cells their structure and function.

Protein translocation: At this stage, protein synthesis is stopped, allowing fully produced proteins to be released into the cytoplasm. Then, in order for these proteins to act by a certain type of mechanism, they are directed to various places.

To know  more about Protein synthesis refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/18800216

Answer:

A

Explanation:

It helps the human body do task like lifting heavy things

Mitochondria helps in ATP (unit of energy) production in cell. Thus, option A is correct.

Muscles are the special type of tissues that have the property of contractibility.

Muscles are attached to a bone, any organ or any other muscle and thus helps in movement and location in an organism.

Muscles are of three types based on their structure and function:

The pigment present in muscles is called myoglobin.

Muscles are rich in mitochondria because they need energy for muscle contraction.

Based on the rate of contraction muscles are of two types:

Thus, muscles are important for movement in an organism.

Learn more about muscles, here:

https://brainly.com/question/9883108

#SPJ2

Answer

D

Glycolysis is the process, which occurs in cytoplasm of cell. This is the process which involves the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate. Citric acid cycle and beta oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, electron transport chain and  oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the oxysomes. So, it is NOT a.

It has to be 2 and 3, which is D.

Explanation:

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

Mesozoic Era

Explanation:

The "Mesozoic Era" is divided into three periods: Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. During the last period (Cretaceous), which was considered the longest, the extinction of reptiles occurred and the new mammals appeared. This event was also known as the "Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction Event." Around 3/4 of plants and animals died. Such event became significant boundary that laid between the Cenozoic Era and the Mesozoic Era. This made it significant in geologic history.

Answer:

The correct answer is D. Silent

I can assure this is the correct answer because I took either the test or review, I don't remember but yeah I know its correct also, because of the other person so be sure to say thanks to them before me!

Hope I helped! <3

A silent mutation is a point mutation and not a frameshift mutation. Therefore, the correct statement is option D.

Mutagens are agents causing mutations in DNA sequence. Point mutations are due to a change in a single nucleotide base in a DNA sequence and frameshift mutations are due to changes that are the result of the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases, thereby, shifting the reading frame of the sequence and the way is changed in which it is translated into a protein.

A silent mutation is a point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein, as the mutated codon still codes for the same amino acid, thereby, not affecting the function of the protein.

Insertion and deletion mutations are frameshift mutations as they alter the reading frame of the sequence which results in a completely different amino acid sequence.

Therefore, the silent mutation is a point mutation.

Learn more about silent mutation here:

https://brainly.com/question/29435171

#SPJ5

Microscopic hair comparisons must be regarded by police and courts as presumptive in nature, and all positive microscopic hair comparisons must be confirmed by DNA typing.

This is because while microscopic hair comparisons can provide useful evidence, they are not definitive and can be subject to human error. DNA typing, on the other hand, can provide a more conclusive and accurate analysis of hair samples, helping to ensure that justice is served in criminal cases.air microscopy, or microscopic hair analysis, is the practice of comparing hairs under a microscope to determine whether they came from the same person. 1 Examiners look at hair color, chemical treatment, pigment aggregation, shaft form, and other observable characteristics. Hair analysis is a form of. pattern matching.

to know more about DNA visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32072734

#SPJ11

Mushrooming pattern of growth as tumor cells pile on top of each other best describes a fungating tumor which is option D.

This is an abnormal growth which occurs when cell division takes place more than it ought to occur.

Since mushroom is an example of a fungi then a fungating tumor will be best described as having it piling on each other.

Read more about Tumor here https://brainly.com/question/827191

#SPJ1

Answer:recombination via crossing over

independent assortment of chromosomes

Explanation:Because You Know I am right !

Please rate 5 !!!!!!!!!

Genetic variety is produced during meiosis by two processes: autonomous chromosomal sorting and recombination by crossing over.

When homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during the first meiotic prophase, recombination by crossing over takes place.

By mixing up the alleles on homologous chromosomes, this mechanism produces genetic variety by giving the daughter cells unique allele combinations. When homologous chromosomes randomly align at the metaphase plate during the second meiotic prophase, a process known as independent assortment of chromosomes takes place.

By randomly segregating the alleles of the homologous chromosomes into the daughter cells, this process generates genetic variety. The S-phase of the cell cycle, which is not a part of meiosis, is when the process of the cell's DNA replication takes place. Consequently, imitation of the same. During meiosis, the DNA of the cell does not contribute to genetic diversity.

Learn more about  recombination  at:

https://brainly.com/question/1405662

#SPJ2

Answer:

a, b and d

Explanation:

Mitosis is the process through which a parent cell's nucleus is divided into two daughter cells. It is a type of cell division in which a diploid (2n) parent cell creates two genetically identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the chromosomes of the parent cell are copied and divided into two daughter cells, each of which contains n haploid chromosomes. Mitosis is essential to the transformation of a fertilized egg into a multicellular creature. It ensures that freshly generated cells contain the same genetic material as the parent cell. Mitosis is responsible for the growth of organs and tissues as well as the repair of damaged cells throughout development. It also aids in the maintenance of an organism's cellular equilibrium.

please read more on

brainly.com/question/880910

#SPJ4

Answer:

Please find the answers to questions a, b and c in the explanation section.

Explanation:

This question is about Raj's family who welcomed a baby girl. Raj, the father, was advised to adhere to the vaccination schedule for the girl child. Now to the questions:

a) Vaccination is the process of administering a drug substance known as vaccine, in order to boost the immune system of the body to prevent microbial caused diseases and infections.

b) A vaccine is a biological substance that provides immunity against a particular disease or infection. A vaccine is usually prepared from the microorganism that causes the disease that is being prevented. The vaccine works in such a way that it aids the innate immune system to recognize and fight off pathogens e.g. virus, bacteria etc.

The vaccine contains molecules from the pathogens called ANTIGENS, which when inoculated into the body, is recognized by the immune system. The immune system responds by producing antibodies to combat the antigen in the vaccine the same way the actual pathogens will be combated. This helps the immune system get ready for an actual attack by pathogens.

c) According to the question, Raj opposed the view of a family member that suggested that vaccination was not necessary for a female child. Raj is actually right by opposing this suggestion because vaccination is not sex- dependent i.e. it is not meant for a particular sex alone. All human child, whether boy or girl, needs to be protected from harmful diseases and the best way to do that is via vaccination. Thus, Raj is right about opposing the suggestion against vaccination of girl child.

Option D: "Proteins from plants can be taken in by an animal and broken down into amino acids, which can combine in new ways to form the muscle tissue the animal needs to grow." is the example that most effectively illustrates how proteins can be rearranged through chemical interactions to form new molecules.

In this illustration, an animal consumes plant proteins, which are then digested by the body into their individual amino acids. The body of the animal can then reassemble these amino acids through a variety of chemical processes to create new proteins, such as the muscular tissue needed for growth.

here is the complete question: There are 21 amino acids that make up all the proteins in every living organisms. Protein can be found in a variety of foods. Although animal products tend to have more proteins, certain nuts and grains are also good sources of protein. Based on this information, which example best shows how proteins can be rearranged through chemical reactions to form new molecules? A. Amino acids in animals can be connected to form the proteins needed to repair the skin, but amino acids stay separated in plants and do not form proteins. B. Proteins in the muscle tissue of animals can be broken down into amino acids and then remade into other needed proteins, but proteins found in plants cannot be broken down. C. Amino acids from nuts and grains change into different amino acids in an animal's digestive system, and then they rearrange to form needed proteins like those that make up skin. D. Proteins from plants can be taken in by an animal and broken down into amino acids, which can combine in new ways to form the muscle tissue the animal needs to grow.

to know more about proteins refer to the link below

https://brainly.com/question/884935

#SPJ4

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that is vital in defending the body against infections. They are the first line of defense and respond quickly to foreign substances in the body. Neutrophils are also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes because their nuclei have multiple lobes and are shaped irregularly. These cells are known to be highly reactive to microbes such as bacteria and fungi, and are capable of engulfing and digesting them.

Their main role in the immune system is phagocytosis, which is the process of engulfing and digesting foreign substances. Neutrophils are short-lived, meaning they have a lifespan of about six hours to a few days, after which they die and are replaced by new neutrophils. They make up about 50 to 70 percent of all white blood cells in the body and are generally the most abundant type of white blood cells.

Neutrophils play a vital role in protecting the body against infections, especially bacterial infections. They are also involved in the inflammatory response, where they release enzymes and chemicals that help kill bacteria and other microbes. In addition, they help clean up dead and damaged cells, as well as debris from inflammation.

To know more about keyword visit:

https://brainly.com/question/26484893

#SPJ11

Answer:

B

Explanation:

As there are lots of mitochondria within the diagram it is very unlikely that diffusion occurs. only active transport occurs. cells within the root do not look like the diagram shown thus the statement I and IV are true.