Potassium-40, which is presumed to have existed at the formation of the Earth, is used for dating minerals. If 3 5 of the original potassium-40 exists in a rock, how old is the rock

Answers

Answer 1

If 3/5 of the original potassium-40 remains in a rock, the estimated age of the rock is 537.59 million years.

Potassium-40 (K-40) undergoes radioactive decay, transforming into stable argon-40 (Ar-40) over time. The half-life of K-40 is approximately 1.25 billion years.

If 3/5 of the original K-40 remains in a rock, it means that 2/5 of the original K-40 has decayed into Ar-40.

Now,

\((\frac{2}{5}) = (\frac{1}{2} )^n\)

Where 'n' represents the number of half-lives that have passed.

To solve for 'n',  take the logarithm of both sides of the equation:

\(\rm log(\frac{2}{5}) = n \times log(\frac{1}{2})\)

Using logarithmic properties:

\(\rm n = \frac{log(\frac{2}{5} )}{log(\frac{1}{2})}\)

n = 0.4307

Since each half-life is approximately 1.25 billion years:

Age of the rock = 0.4307 × 1.25 billion years

Age of the rock = 537.59 million years

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Related Questions

4. The chart below lists substances involved in the process of photosynthesis.
Substance
A
glucose
B
oxygen
C carbon dioxide
D water
Which statement best describes how these substances interact in photosynthesis?
A) A and B combine to produce C and D.
C) C and D combine to produce A and B.
B) B and C combine to produce A and D.
D) A and C combine to produce B and D.

Answers

Answer: C) C and D(carbon dioxide and water) combine to produce A and B(glucose and oxygen)

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.

Why should you place your hands on the steering wheel while an officer is
approaching?

Answers

Answer:

Because it shows that you are unarmed.

Explanation:

Answer:

to show no aggression or to show suspicion and fo things can go alot more smoother.

Explanation:

.

Discuss industrialization with your parents and grandparents and find out how it has changed the way they work and live.

Answers

Answer:

How has industrialisation changed the nature of the family? Industrialization is considered as one of the main reasons for the family shifting from extended to nuclear. Families began to relocate from more rural areas to more suburban areas to find work. This was mainly since plenty of factory based work where available in the cities. This eventually led to urbanisation, as families began to move away from small villages and into large urban areas. After this shift every aspect of daily life was influenced because of industrialisation.

(I hope this helps!)

which site in ravenna is unlike any other church in italy because of its central plan design with 2 concentric octagons?

Answers

The site in Ravenna that is unlike any other church in Italy due to its central plan design with two concentric octagons is the Basilica of San Vitale.

The Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy, stands out among other churches in the country because of its unique central plan design featuring two concentric octagons. This architectural layout distinguishes it from the typical basilica-style or cruciform-shaped churches commonly found in Italy.

The Basilica of San Vitale, constructed in the 6th century, exhibits a Byzantine architectural style. Its central plan design consists of two octagonal structures placed one inside the other, creating a striking visual effect. The inner octagon houses the presbytery, while the outer octagon forms the ambulatory surrounding it. This concentric arrangement of octagons is a rare feature in Italian church architecture.

The interior of the basilica is adorned with exquisite Byzantine mosaics that depict religious figures, scenes from the Bible, and ornate decorative patterns. These mosaics, along with the unique central plan design, make the Basilica of San Vitale a significant example of Byzantine influence in Italy and a UNESCO World Heritage site.

The distinct central plan with two concentric octagons in the Basilica of San Vitale sets it apart as a remarkable architectural gem in Ravenna, showcasing the fusion of Byzantine and Italian artistic traditions.

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Which event on the timeline do you think had the most lasting impact on Europe?

a. Crusades
b. Renaissance
c. Protestant Reformation
d. Enlightenment
e. Industrial Revolution​

Answers

Answer:

Overseas trade, spurred by the crusades, had lead to the growth of large city-states in northern italy. The area also had many sizeable towns. Thus, northern italy was urban while, the rest of Italy was pretty rural. Since the cities are often places where people exchange ideas, it was an ideal place for an intellectual revolution

The crusades are the long-lasting timeline of wars that were held during the age of discovery and had a long-lasting effect on the soil of Europe.

The crusades are religious is that were seen during the awakening and the revivals of the European empires from the other Muslim worlds. Thus the option A is correct.

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how is water linked with earth

Answers

Answer:

Water is necessary to sustaining life on Earth, and helps tie together the Earth's lands, oceans, and atmosphere into an integrated system

Explanation:

Which of the following is the internal heat energy during the early formation of the Earth?

Answers

The planet produces heat energy . The temperature rises as you move deeper. Temperatures soar to 750°C about 25 km below the surface, and are reportedly 4,000°C near the core.

Heat energy is produced by the planet. Moving deeper causes the temperature to increase. At 25 kilometers below the surface, temperatures at the core are thought to be 4,000°C. Hot springs have been used by people since antiquity, and we currently use geothermal technology to heat our apartments. Geysers, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions are all indications of the Earth's core power source.

The term "radioactive decay" refers to the method by which Earth generates heat. It involves the breakdown of naturally occurring radioactive materials within Earth, such as uranium, for instance. Because it generates heat during its disintegration, uranium is a unique type of element. This heat prevents Earth from entirely cooling off.

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How is the magnetic field changing?

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The Earth's magnetic field is constantly changing, although the rate at which it changes varies over time. The Earth's magnetic field is created by the movement of molten iron in its core, which generates electric currents that produce a magnetic field. The field is not constant, and it can change in both intensity and direction.

There are several factors that can affect the Earth's magnetic field, including changes in the Earth's core, solar wind, and the movement of tectonic plates. The Earth's magnetic field has reversed multiple times in the past, with the north and south magnetic poles swapping positions.

Which type of energy resource uses heat from underground to create
electricity?
A. Geothermal energy
B. Solar energy
C. Biomass
D. Nuclear energy

Answers

Answer:

A: Geothermal Energy

Explanation:

Answer:

A is the answer. I just did this on the quiz. Below is proof. Plz mark me brainliest

Explanation:

Which type of energy resource uses heat from underground to createelectricity?A. Geothermal energyB.

What are some problems associated with urbanization?

Answers

urbanization can lead to congestion, higher crime rates, pollution, increased levels of inequality and social exclusion.

What is paleomagnetism Why is it important?

Answers

Paleomagnetism is the study of Earth's magnetic field as preserved in rocks and sediments. It involves analyzing the magnetic properties recorded in rocks to determine the past behavior and changes of Earth's magnetic field.

This field is generated by the movement of molten iron in Earth's outer core. Paleomagnetism is important because it provides valuable information about the past positions of continents, tectonic plate movements, and geological processes. By studying the magnetic properties of rocks, scientists can reconstruct the Earth's magnetic history, determine the past locations of continents, and understand the processes that have shaped our planet over millions of years.

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which of the following is a typical feature of the infrastructure of cbds?
a. single-story buildings with parking lots

b.agricultural processing facilities

c.public transportation hubs

d. low-density residential areas

e. manufacturing and industrial sites

Answers

The typical feature of the infrastructure of Central Business Districts (CBDs) is public transportation hubs. So, the correct choice is C.

CBDs are characterized by their central location within a city or urban area and serve as the primary commercial and economic centers. They attract a high volume of people, including workers, residents, and visitors. To accommodate this influx and ensure efficient transportation, CBDs are well-connected with various modes of public transportation.

Public transportation hubs in CBDs often include major bus terminals, subway or metro stations, train stations, or other forms of transit infrastructure. These hubs serve as transportation interchanges, allowing people to easily access and navigate the CBD and its surrounding areas. They facilitate commuting, reduce congestion, and promote sustainable transportation options within the densely populated urban core.

Public transportation in CBDs also contributes to reducing the need for extensive parking lots and individual car usage. The focus is on providing convenient and accessible transportation alternatives to support the high density of activities and minimize traffic congestion in these central areas.

While the other options mentioned (a. single-story buildings with parking lots, b. agricultural processing facilities, d. low-density residential areas, and e. manufacturing and industrial sites) may exist in certain urban areas, they are not typical features specifically associated with CBDs. CBDs are primarily characterized by their concentration of commercial, retail, and business establishments, supported by efficient public transportation networks.

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Southern Colorado is more densely populated than the northern part of the state

Answers

It is false, because Denver is the most populated and it is in the Northern part of colorodo

If a geologist found preserved mud cracks, he or she could conclude that the environment in which they formed ________.

Answers

If a geologist found preserved mud cracks, he or she could conclude that the environment in which they formed was once an area of drying or desiccation.

Mud cracks, or desiccation cracks, form in mud layers that have been exposed to drying. As the mud dries, it contracts and forms a series of cracks that can range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in size. The shapes of these cracks are usually polygonal and are typically segmented by radial cracks.

Mud cracks form when water evaporates from the surface of a mud layer, leaving behind a dry surface. This process is most common in areas with low rainfall, such as deserts, and in areas with a high rate of evaporation, such as the margins of saline lakes. The mud cracks form when the surface layer of mud dries faster than the underlying layer. As the surface layer contracts, cracks form, eventually becoming interconnected and forming a network of cracks.

The presence of mud cracks is an indication of a past environment of drying or desiccation. The size and shape of the cracks can also provide clues about the rate of evaporation and the amount of water present in the environment when the cracks formed. For example, if the mud cracks are shallow, then the evaporation rate was likely low. However, if the mud cracks are deep, then the evaporation rate was likely high.

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The Folsom culture are considered __________ Paleo-Indians who hunted __________.
A.
archaic . . . bison
B.
prehistoric . . . mammoths
C.
early . . . large animals
D.
late . . . small game

Answers

Answer:

Correct answer is A.  archaic . . . bison

Explanation:

The first option is a correct answer, as the Folsom culture was spreading in Central America. They continued the culture of the previous period, that was started by the Clovis culture.

A lot of sources are showing us that they were hunter gatherers, and in the sources we have we can find remaining of bison and many other animals.

All other answers are not correct, as the mammoths didn't exist in that period, they didn't have means to hunt large animals, and the last option is not logical.

Answer:

A.

archaic . . . bison

there is a drought on the savanna which has resuled in insufficient grass growth to

Answers

There is a drought on the savanna which has resulted in insufficient grass growth to support the herbivore population.

During a drought, the limited availability of rainfall leads to reduced water availability and soil moisture, which negatively affects plant growth. In the savanna, where grasses are a dominant component of the ecosystem, the lack of sufficient rainfall can result in decreased grass productivity. With insufficient grass growth, there is a scarcity of food resources for the herbivores that rely on grass as their primary source of sustenance.

The consequences of the drought-induced insufficient grass growth can be severe for the herbivores inhabiting the savanna. The reduced food availability can lead to nutritional stress, weakened individuals, increased competition for limited resources, and ultimately, population decline. It may also have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem, affecting the predator-prey dynamics and overall biodiversity of the savanna.

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which image is an example of an angular unconformity

Answers

The type of rock layer in the image, that is an example of an angular unconformity is the image with only triangular structure. The Option B is correct.

What is an angular unconformity?

In geography, an angular unconformity refers to an erosional surface that truncates the older and tilted sedimentary layers and that is overlain by younger layers which is oriented parallel to the unconformity.

The discovery and interpretation of an angular unconformities, like Hutton’s unconformity at Siccar Point, marked a paradigm shift in the geological theories of the 18th century.

Most Neptunist theories have always believed Earth formed after a catastrophe like the mythical flood described in the Genesis. On the other hand, the plutonists believed Earth had been and was being shaped by the same processes that occur today.

But in 1780s, James Hutton, fathers of modern geology, examined a series of angular unconformities in Scotland where he observed the presence of sedimentary features like ripple marks in the vertical layers beneath the unconformity, which convinced him that the vertical layers were originally lying horizontally on the seafloor and that were later tilted, eroded and submerged with the deposition of younger layers on top of the unconformity.

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which image is an example of an angular unconformity

t II Attempt all questions
1. What is an Oasis?
b. name some plants that are found in an equatorial forest ​

Answers

Answer:

1. An oasis is a place in the desert where water supply is available, i.e. there is a water body like a pond but more shallower. Sometimes trees producing fruits also grow near an oasis. Many of the times, a settlement grows around an oasis.

2. Some plants that are found in the equatorial forest include;  palms, ferns, ginger-worts, and wild plantains, arums, orchids, and bamboos.

Answer:

1. An Oasis is a fertile spot in a desert, where water is found

2. Mahogany tress are found in the equatorial region.Rubber tress do not grow in the Mediterranean region.Beach is not a part of the tundra region.

fossilized Archaeopteryx a) In which era did it appear? b) Why is it important as a fossil that "links" change between different groups of organisms? c) Using this recreation of Archeopteryx, what evidence can you see that relates to this connection?

Answers

Archaeopteryx first appeared in the Late Jurassic Period which is a geological era of the Mesozoic Era that lasted from about 163.5 to 145.5 million years ago. The fossilized remains of Archaeopteryx were discovered in 1861 in the region of Solnhofen in Germany.

Archaeopteryx is important as a fossil that "links" change between different groups of organisms because it has characteristics of both birds and reptiles, suggesting that birds may have evolved from reptiles. Archaeopteryx is considered a transitional form between non-avian dinosaurs and birds, possessing both reptilian and avian features.

It has a mix of features found in modern birds, such as feathers and wings, as well as features found in non-avian dinosaurs, such as teeth and a long, bony tail. This makes it a valuable specimen for scientists studying the evolution of birds.

Using the recreation of Archaeopteryx, some of the evidence that relates to the connection between birds and reptiles include: Feathers: Archaeopteryx had feathers, which are a characteristic feature of birds. However, these feathers were not as specialized as those of modern birds. They were asymmetrical and lacked hooks, barbs, and a central shaft.

This suggests that feathers may have evolved for purposes other than flight, such as insulation or display.Bird-like skull: Archaeopteryx had a bird-like skull, with a short snout and large eyes. However, it also had a reptilian feature - teeth in its jaws.

This is unlike modern birds, which have a beak instead of teeth. Reptilian tail: Archaeopteryx had a long, bony tail that was similar to that of non-avian dinosaurs. However, its tail was shorter and more flexible than that of its dinosaur ancestors. This suggests that the tail may have played a role in flight control, but was not used for balance while walking on the ground.

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The government facilitating the adoption of a cultural trait by its citizens is a form of
O assimilation
O contagious diffusion
O hierarchical diffusion
O relocation diffusion
O syncretism

Answers

I beleve it is B sorry if im wrong

Assimilation occurs when a government helps its populace adopt a particular cultural feature. As a result, choice (A) is the right reaction.

What is cultural assimilation?

Cultural assimilation is the process by which a minority group or culture becomes more like the dominant group in a society or adopts, wholly or partially, the values, habits, and beliefs of another group.

Full assimilation, the more common of the two because it happens naturally, is the sort of cultural assimilation that occurs naturally as opposed to forced assimilation.

Minority groups are expected to assimilate into the everyday customs of the dominant culture through linguistic and aesthetic changes as well as more important socioeconomic adjustments including integration into the local social, cultural, and economic networks.

Another aspect of assimilation is what is known as additive acculturation, in which a person broadens their cultural horizons rather than erasing their ancestry.

Hence, option (A) is accurate.

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Which of the following is NOT a factor that causes the distribution of population to vary from one region
to another?
A. the amount of arable land
B the length of the growing season
C. the elevation
D. the amount of rainfall
O E. the size of the ecumene

Answers

I think it’s the length of growing land

which describes the water movements caused by the coriolis effect? group of answer choices counterclockwise in the northern and southern hemispheres clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere clockwise in the northern and southern hemispheres

Answers

The water movements caused by the Coriolis effect are described as clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

A hemisphere refers to one half of the Earth, which is divided by the equator into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. Each hemisphere contains one of the Earth's two poles (the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere). Additionally, the terms hemisphere can also refer to the half of the brain, with the brain being divided into the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere. The left hemisphere is typically associated with logical and analytical thinking, while the right hemisphere is associated with creativity and intuition. Hemisphere is also used in a variety of other contexts, including astronomy and geometry, where it refers to a half of a sphere or a circular object.

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The water movements caused by the Coriolis effect are counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.


The water counterclockwise caused by the Coriolis effect are clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.The Coriolis effect is a phenomenon that describes the apparent deflection of objects, including water, moving across the Earth's surface due to the planet's rotation. In the context of water movements, the direction of the deflection depends on the hemisphere and the direction of the water flow. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes water movements to deflect to the right of the direction of the flow. As a result, the water moves clockwise around high-pressure systems and counterclockwise around low-pressure systems. In the Southern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes water movements to deflect to the left of the direction of the flow. This means that water moves counterclockwise around high-pressure systems and clockwise around low-pressure systems.Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that water movements caused by the Coriolis effect are clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. This effect has significant implications for ocean circulation patterns and weather systems, as it influences the direction of ocean currents and the formation of cyclones and anticyclones in the atmosphere.

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What types of change cause landforms to develop?

A) Ice expanding on the surface of Earth causes landforms to develop.

B) Only wind causes the surface of Earth to change and make landforms.

C) Wind, water, and ice cause the surface of Earth to change and the result is landforms.

Wind, water, and human activity cause the surface of Earth to changes and the result is landforms

Answers

Answer:

the earth surface is constantly changing from force in nature the daily process of precipitation wind and land moments result in changes to landforms over a long period of time driving forces into rows and volcanoes and earthquakes people also contribute to changes in the appearance of land

Which city does the worlds longest tunnel deliver water to.

Answers

Answer:

New York City

Qué semejanzas y diferencias reconoces entre las civilizaciones americanas (Mayas, Aztecas e Incas) y el pueblo Mapuche, previo a la conquista de los europeos? *

Answers

This is English Brainly, You can ask questions in Spanish Brainly

Es Brainly en Ingles, Puedes pedir preguntas en Brainly en Espanol.

What materials absorb the most solar energy?(Sand, Water, Oil)

Answers

Answer:

sun,dark surfaces, water and metal.

Explanation:

Materials that absorb sunlight well include dark surfaces, water and metal. The sun's light energy arrives as a mixture of visible light, ultraviolet and infrared; some materials absorb all these wavelengths well, while others are better suited to a certain restricted types of light.

How does the physical environment of coastal plains compare with that of the mountains and basins?.

Answers

Coastal plains are higher in elevation. Mountains and Basins and long summers and warm winters.

Summers are very hot, and winters may be bloodless. regardless of the temperature, this region is sort of continually dry.

Inside the western areas of the place, the common rainfall is much less than nine inches a yr. The desert climate and landscape have restrained the flowers within the vicinity.

Mountains and Basins- vicinity of Texas that may be characterized by way of mountainous terrain, a very dry weather, and incorporates canyons, plateaus and basins. 5. Jumano- local American tribe that lived in the Mountains and Basins area of Texas. They were a sedentary institution that farmed and hunted buffalo.

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Marisol bought a scooter. The 8% sales tax on the scooter was $10.50. What was the total cost including the sales tax?

Answers

Answer:

The price of the scooter before sales

tax is $10.50 ÷ 0.08 = $131.25. The total cost

is $131.25 + $10.50 = $141.75

Marisol bought a scooter. The 8% sales tax on the scooter was $10.50. The total cost including the sales tax was $ 141.75.

What do you mean by the sales tax?

The government levies a tax known as sales tax (ST) on the goods that shops sell. The shopkeeper then pays the tax to the government. Tax% of the total bill equals sales tax.

Use taxes are typically used to describe taxes on goods and services that consumers pay directly to a governing authority. The sale and use tax is frequently exempted for some goods and services, including food, education, and medical.

A sales tax is similar to a value-added tax (VAT) that is levied on products and services. Key distinctions can be found in the comparison with sales tax.

Here,

Total cost accounting = $10.50 ÷ 0.08 = $131.25.

Total cost accounting = $131.25 + $10.50 = $141.75.

Therefore, Marisol bought a scooter. The 8% sales tax on the scooter was $10.50. The total cost including the sales tax was $ 141.75.

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a) Why does some of the seedlings of Tropical Forest survive
after harvesting operations?

Answers

Some of the seedlings of Tropical Forest survive after harvesting operations because the canopy trees do not create such a deep shade and some seedlings need the presence of light in order to germinate, grow and establish.

Hence, the presence of light in the areas where the trees were harvested might facilitate the germination and establishment of some species of seedlings. Below are some more reasons:Less competition: The felled trees provide less competition for the seedlings in terms of light, water and nutrients and hence the chances of survival and establishment of seedlings increases.

Greater light: The felling of trees opens up the canopy and provides greater light penetration and hence the survival and growth rate of seedlings increases. The soil is undisturbed: Harvesting operation typically doesn't alter the soil, which means that the seedlings still have the same access to resources in the soil as they would have had before. The seeds in the soil might have been dormant and might have not had the conditions they needed to germinate and grow.

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Why is Mexico and parts of Central America prone to earthquakes

Answers

Answer:

Mexico and other Central American countries are more susceptible to earthquakes because those countries are in something called a subduction zone. "Subduction zones are the parts of the earth where one slab of the crust is slowly sliding under another." This then causes earthquakes due to the friction of it sliding.

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Most manufacturing businesses are considered small if they employ fewer than _____ workers. A. 500 B. 200 C. 1000 D. 5000 1. The equilibrium for the above isRM 825RM 835RM865RM8752. National income can be calculated using the following methods exceptExpenditure methodIncome methodSavings methodProduct method3. Two markets shown in the simple circular flow model areHouseholds and firmsProducts and resourcesCapital goods and consumer goodsAll of the above What is the importance of the School Based Assessment What are social problems and social evils ? Which landforms are most likely affected by the creation of polders? Do all the children attain puberty at the same time? why? The table shows the price for different numbers of cupcakes: What connected the continental United States from coast to coast in 1869?O a. The Louisiana PurchaseO b. The Transcontinental RailroadO c. The Erie Canal A box of pencils is marked up just before school starts. If the pencils usually cost $ 5.25 and are marked up 25%, how much will they cost now? * what electron transition in a hydrogen atom, starting from n = 10 , will produce light of wavelength 3040 nm The stages of formation of the Psalter may be compared to a(n) _______ .mountainrivericeberglandslide A bathtub that holds 22 gallons of water contains 12 gallons of water. You begin filling it, and after 5 minutes, the tub is full. The approximation of 1 = integral (x 3)e** dx by composite Trapezoidal rule with n=4 is: -25.8387 4.7846 -5.1941 15.4505 What is a deep valley with steep sides called? Please help ! Will give brainliest the dominant wavelength of energy emitted by the sun is question 9 options: a) shorter than that emitted by earth b) longer than that emitted by earth c) the same length as that emitted by earth 1 8 The scale blueprint of a rectangular pool is drawn inch - 1 foot. If the pool is 34 feet long, what is the measure of the pool's length on the blueprint? A) 3.5 in B) 3.75 in C) 4.25 in D) 4.5 in E) 4.75 in when creating presentations with several diagrams or other complex visual materials, which of the following will help to make the visual reports most effective? group of answer choices use slide-report hybrids for the presentation and handouts provide a copy of all slides as a handout create the presentation in a word processing software to allow for more meaningful detail incorporate audio and visual clips to complement the live message provide handouts that provide additional details and supporting information Which of the following mutations would be the LEAST likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? A $63,000 machine with a 7-year class life was purchased 2 years ago. The machine will now be sold for $50,000 and replaced with a new machine costing $75,000, with a 5-year class life. The new machine will not increase sales, but will decrease operating costs by $16,000 per year. Simplified straight line depreciation is employed for both machines, and the marginal corporate tax rate is 34 percent. What is the initial outlay for the project?.