put the stages of cell cycle in order help
Gap 1
cytokinesis
metaphase
Gap 2
telophase
anaphase
s phase
prophase
Answers
The stages of cell cycle in order are Gap 1, s phase, Gap 2, prophase , metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis.
1. Gap 1 (G1): During this phase, the cell grows in size, synthesizes proteins, and carries out its normal functions. It is the first phase of interphase.
2. Synthesis phase (S phase): In this phase, DNA replication occurs. The cell synthesizes a copy of its DNA, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.
3. Gap 2 (G2): During G2 phase, the cell continues to grow, prepare for cell division, and undergoes further protein synthesis. It is the last phase of interphase before entering mitosis.
4. Prophase: The nuclear envelope starts to break down, and the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes. The spindle fibers start to form, and the centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.
5. Metaphase: The chromosomes align at the cell's equator, known as the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers from the opposite poles attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
6. Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell by the shortening spindle fibers. Each separated chromatid is now considered a chromosome.
7. Telophase: The chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, and a new nuclear envelope starts to form around each set of chromosomes. The chromatin begins to decondense.
8. Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm of the cell divides, resulting in two daughter cells. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms, pinching the cell in two, while in plant cells, a cell plate forms to separate the two daughter cells.
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Related Questions
like ribonuclease a, lysozyme from t4 phage is a model enzyme for understanding the energetics and pathways of protein folding. unlike ribonuclease a, t4 lysozyme does not contain any disulfide bonds. a number of studies have quantified the thermodynamic contributions individual amino acid residues and their interactions make to lysozyme folding. an ion pair between an asp residue and a his residue in lysozyme contributes 13–21 kj/mol of favorable folding energy at ph 6.0. however, this ion pair contributes much less to lysozyme folding at either ph 2.0 or ph 10.0.
Answers
Like ribonuclease A, lysozyme from T4 phage is a model enzyme for understanding the energetics and pathways of protein folding.
Unlike ribonuclease A, T4 lysozyme does not contain any disulfide bonds. Several studies have been conducted to quantify the thermodynamic contributions of individual amino acid residues and their interactions to lysozyme folding.
One specific example of such contributions is an ion pair between an aspartic acid (Asp) residue and a histidine (His) residue in lysozyme. This ion pair has been found to contribute 13-21 kJ/mol of favorable folding energy at pH 6.0. This means that the formation of this ion pair stabilizes the folded structure of lysozyme at pH 6.0.
However, it is important to note that the contribution of this ion pair to lysozyme folding varies at different pH levels. At pH 2.0 or pH 10.0, the ion pair contributes much less to lysozyme folding compared to pH 6.0. This suggests that the interaction between the Asp and His residues is pH-dependent, and its contribution to folding energy is influenced by the protonation state of the amino acids.
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growth factors are multiple choice compounds that must be synthesized by the organism. compounds that must be provided to the organism. physical factors such as temperature. inorganic molecules.
Answers
Growth factors are organic compounds that must be synthesized by the organism.
An organic compound like amino acid, nitrogenous base, or nutrition that cannot be synthesized through an organism & should be supplied as a nutrient increase factor. Example: all cells require 20 different amino acids for correct meeting of proteins.
Growth elements may be derived from numerous sources, including epidermal cells, human foreskin, placental cells, colostrum, recombinant bacteria, yeast, and plants. Growth elements also can be produced biosynthetically.
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What sentence best supports the staternent that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasas? The hormone melatonin induces sleep and its production is slowed by exposure to light. The hormone cortisol suppresses the immune system and is produced when the body is under stress. The hormone oxytocin promotes labor contractions of the uterus during childbirth. The hormone erythropoeitin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
Answers
The sentence that supports the statement that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasis is: The hormone erythropoietin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
Homeostasis is the condition of maintaining the adequate conditions inside the living body that are most suitable for its survival. It is the state of steady internal, physical, and chemical conditions. The correct temperature, adequate oxygen concentrations, adequate fluids inside the body are the examples of homeostasis.
Erythropoietin is the hormone produced by the kidney cells that enhances the production of RBCs in the body. This in turn enhances the oxygen concentration inside the body.
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Mice living on a granite hillside have coloration ranging from light to dark. The surfaces of the granite rocks are either very dark or very light. Dark mice hiding on dark patches are difficult to see and light mice hiding on light patches are equally camouflaged. Mice with gray fur can be seen everywhere and are preyed upon more heavily. What kind of selection is this?
Answers
Answer:
Disruptive selection.
Explanation:
Natural selection is the result of the phenotype-environment interaction which determines gene destiny in space and time, selecting beneficial alleles and increasing their frequency in the population. There are different types of natural selection: sexual selection, stabilizing selection, directional selection, frequency-dependent selection, and disruptive selection.
The disruptive selection causes an increase in the two types of extreme phenotypes over the intermediate forms. Limits between one extreme and the other are frequently very sharped. Individuals belonging to one phenotype can not live in the same area as individuals belonging to the other phenotype, due to the traits differences between them, competition, predation, etcetera.
In the proposed case, each population of mice is adapted to its environment: one of them is dark-furred as the color of the dark patches it lives on, and the other population is light-furred as it lives in light patches. These adaptations are probably related to survival strategies and help them to avoid predators as they camouflage with the substrate.
Both extreme phenotypes have been favored over intermediate forms, resulting in the development of two groups with very marked differences. Grey-furred mice population belongs to the intermediate phenotype which can be seen everywhere and be preyed upon more heavily. Disruptive selection does not favor this phenotype.
Disruptive selection can lead to speciation, driving to evolution. This is why it is also called "diversifying selection".
What societal need would wider use of technology for forecasting earthquakes address?
Answers
Wider use of technology for forecasting earthquakes would address the societal need for improved earthquake preparedness and response.
By accurately predicting earthquakes or providing early warning systems, technology can help communities and individuals take necessary precautions, evacuate affected areas, and implement emergency response plans. This can save lives, reduce injuries, and minimize damage to infrastructure and property. Additionally, advanced earthquake forecasting technology can aid in the development of robust building codes and infrastructure design that can withstand seismic events, leading to increased resilience and safety in earthquake-prone regions. Overall, wider use of technology for earthquake forecasting addresses the need for enhanced public safety, risk mitigation, and disaster management.
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Select the TRUE statements about blood flow during ventricular systole and diastole of a single cardiac cycle.
A. the amount of blood flowing from arteries into arterioles is greater in ventricular diastole than in systole.
B. the amount of blood ejected from the heart in systole is greater than the amount of blood leaving the arteries in systole
C. the blood volume leaving arteries in systole plus the volume leaving arteries in diastole equals the volume ejected from the heart in systole.
D. the amount of blood leaving the arteries in systole is greater than the amount of blood leaving the arteries during diastole.
Answers
The true statements about blood flow during ventricular systole and diastole are as follows: B) the amount of blood ejected from the heart in systole is greater ).
During ventricular systole, the ventricles of the heart contract, leading to the ejection of blood into the arteries. Statement B is true because the amount of blood ejected from the heart during systole is known as the stroke volume, and it is typically greater than the amount of blood leaving the arteries in systole. This is because not all blood in the arteries is ejected during systole, and some blood remains in the arteries.
During ventricular diastole, the ventricles relax, allowing blood to flow from the arteries into the arterioles. Statement D is true because the amount of blood leaving the arteries in systole is greater than the amount of blood leaving the arteries during diastole. This is because during systole, blood is actively propelled into the arterioles by the contraction of the ventricles, resulting in a higher flow rate compared to the passive flow during diastole.
Statement A is false because the amount of blood flowing from arteries into arterioles is generally greater in ventricular systole than in diastole due to the active ejection of blood during systole.
Statement C is also false because the blood volume leaving the arteries in systole plus the volume leaving the arteries in diastole does not necessarily equal the volume ejected from the heart in systole. Some blood may remain in the arteries during diastole, and the ejection fraction (the ratio of stroke volume to end-diastolic volume) determines the fraction of blood ejected from the heart during systole.
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Explain what camouflage and mimicry are. Use an example to illustrate your answer.
Answers
Camouflage is a type of adaptation where an organism has evolved to blend in with its surroundings in order to avoid detection by predators or prey. Mimicry, on the other hand, is when an organism evolves to imitate the appearance or behavior of another organism in order to deceive predators or prey.
How to tell mimicry and camouflage apart?Camouflage can take many forms, such as coloration, patterns, or shape. For example, a chameleon is known for its ability to change its color to match the environment it is in, making it difficult for predators to spot.
Mimicry can be either Batesian or Müllerian. Batesian mimicry occurs when a harmless species evolves to look like a harmful species, such as a non-venomous snake that looks like a venomous one. Müllerian mimicry occurs when multiple harmful species evolve to look like each other, making it easier for predators to recognize and avoid them.
An example of camouflage is the Arctic hare, which is white in the winter to blend in with the snow and brown in the summer to match the tundra. This helps the Arctic hare avoid detection by predators such as wolves and foxes.
An example of Batesian mimicry is the viceroy butterfly, which looks very similar to the monarch butterfly. Monarch butterflies are toxic to predators due to the presence of a chemical called cardenolides, which they obtain from eating milkweed plants as larvae.
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Where is mRNA produced?
Answers
the answer would be in the nucleus
Name three adaptations that helped plants survive on land, and describe how each of them helped. (2 points)
Answers
Three adaptations that helped plants survive on land are cuticle, stomata, and roots. The cuticle protects plants from water loss and UV radiation. Stomata regulate gas exchange, and roots absorb water and nutrients.
When plants moved to land, they had to develop adaptations that would enable them to survive in an environment with fewer resources than they were accustomed to. Three adaptations that helped plants survive on land are discussed below:Cuticle: The cuticle is a waxy layer on the surface of the plant that protects it from water loss and desiccation. This layer is made up of cutin, a waterproof polymer, and is secreted by epidermal cells. The cuticle prevents water from evaporating from the surface of the plant, which is critical for survival in a dry environment. In addition, it also protects the plant from harmful ultraviolet radiation that can damage its DNA.Stomata: Stomata are tiny pores in the leaves and stems of plants that regulate gas exchange and water loss. They are surrounded by guard cells that regulate the opening and closing of the stomata. When there is a need to conserve water, the guard cells can close the stomata to prevent water from evaporating from the plant's surface. When there is a need for carbon dioxide, such as during photosynthesis, the guard cells can open the stomata to allow gas exchange.Roots: Roots are organs that anchor the plant to the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. They allow plants to access water and nutrients that are necessary for survival. Furthermore, roots also help prevent soil erosion and provide support to the plant.Summary: Three adaptations that helped plants survive on land are cuticle, stomata, and roots. The cuticle is a waxy layer on the surface of the plant that prevents water loss and protects the plant from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Stomata are tiny pores that regulate gas exchange and water loss, and roots anchor the plant to the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil.For more questions on adaptations
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How are soluble food molecules absorbed into the epithelial cells of the small intestine
Answers
Soluble food molecules are absorbed into the epithelial cells of the small intestine through the process of diffusion and active transport.
Skeletal muscle can be easily identified based on the fact that it:
Select one:
a. is multinucleated
b. has highly differentiated cells
c. has no nuclei
d. contains vascular tissue
e. contains epithelial tissue
Answers
Skeletal muscle can be easily identified based on the fact that it is multinucleated. So, option A is accurate.
Unlike most other types of muscle tissue, skeletal muscle fibers contain multiple nuclei within a single cell. These nuclei are located at the periphery of the muscle fiber, just beneath the plasma membrane. The presence of multiple nuclei in skeletal muscle is a characteristic feature of its development and function. These nuclei contribute to protein synthesis and the overall maintenance and repair of the muscle fiber. The multinucleation of skeletal muscle cells is a result of the fusion of multiple myoblasts (immature muscle cells) during embryonic development, forming long, multinucleated muscle fibers.
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why is it impossible to completely sterilize the human skin
Answers
It is impossible to completely sterilize the human skin due to the presence of natural microbiota. The skin is the largest organ in the human body, and it is covered by a diverse microbial community, which includes bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This community is collectively known as the skin microbiome.
The skin microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining skin health by protecting against pathogens, regulating immune function, and preventing infection. Attempts to completely sterilize the skin can disrupt this delicate balance and cause damage to the skin's barrier function.
Although it is impossible to completely sterilize the skin, good hygiene practices such as regular hand washing and avoiding sharing personal items can help reduce the risk of transmitting harmful microorganisms. Additionally, medical professionals use various antiseptic techniques to minimize the risk of infection during invasive procedures such as surgery.
Overall, the natural microbiota of the skin makes complete sterilization impossible, but proper hygiene practices can help minimize the risk of infection.
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Explain how the presence of higher soil moisture contents influences variation of soil temperature at different soil depths during a hot day.
Answers
Higher soil moisture contents slow down the rate of soil temperature increase during a hot day by acting as a heat sink and reducing temperature fluctuations, especially at deeper soil depths.
The presence of higher soil moisture contents significantly affects the variation of soil temperature at different depths during a hot day. Moisture in the soil acts as a thermal buffer, altering the rate of heat transfer. When soil moisture content is high, the water absorbs and retains heat, reducing the rate at which the soil temperature increases. The moisture acts as a heat sink, preventing rapid temperature fluctuations.
Additionally, water has a higher specific heat capacity compared to soil particles, meaning it requires more energy to raise its temperature. This property slows down the warming of the soil. As a result, at deeper soil depths, where the moisture content remains relatively constant, the temperature increases at a slower rate compared to shallower depths with lower soil moisture.
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Peptide growth factors act through which of the following types of signal receptors? G protein-coupled receptors O ligand-gated ion channels O receptor tyrosine kinases intracellular receptors
Answers
Peptide growth factors act through receptor tyrosine kinases types of signal receptors. Peptide growth factors are substances that control cell growth and differentiation in multicellular organisms.
Peptide growth factors stimulate cellular proliferation and differentiation, as well as the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, and are essential for the growth and maintenance of normal tissues. Increased cellular proliferation, a fundamental feature of cancer, has been linked to increased peptide growth factor synthesis and release by the host. Peptide growth factor receptors are a vital component of the intracellular signaling systems that control gene expression and cell behavior in response to various extracellular stimuli. Receptor tyrosine kinases have intracellular tyrosine kinase activity, which is activated when peptide growth factors bind to the extracellular domain of the receptor.
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Which cycle is involved in both photosynthesis and respiration?
Water
Phosphorous
Nitrogen
O Carbon
Answers
In CR, oxygen acts at the final electron receptor, bonding with hydrogen to make water.
In PSY, the water is split to power the ETC, and oxygen is released as a by-product.
1. what must the dental hygienist be concerned about when treating patients who have esthetic composite and glass ionomer restorations present in their mouths?
Answers
When treating patients who have esthetic composite and glass ionomer restorations present in their mouths, the dental hygienist must be concerned about avoiding any damage to these restorations as well as preventing stains and discoloration of these restorations.
Composite restorations are tooth-colored fillings made of a mixture of glass or quartz filler and a resin bonding agent. Composite fillings are often used in areas where a natural appearance is important, such as the front teeth.
Glass ionomer restorations are made of glass powders and an organic acid. Glass ionomer fillings are often used for fillings below the gum line and for filling baby teeth.
To prevent any damage to composite and glass ionomer restorations, a dental hygienist should take the following precautions: Use a rubber dam or isolation device to prevent tooth surface damage, Use hand scaling rather than ultrasonic scalers to avoid damaging the restoration when cleaning around it
Avoid using abrasive polishing agents on the restorations, To prevent stains or discoloration of composite and glass ionomer restorations, the dental hygienist should take the following steps: Avoid using air polishers that use sodium bicarbonate or glycine powders on the restoration.
Clean the restorations with gentle polishing agents and polishing cups, Use non-alcohol-based mouthwash or toothpaste to avoid staining the restorations, The dental hygienist should also educate patients on how to care for their restorations properly to prevent damage and staining.
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A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3, 480 kilocalories/meter?/year and a net primary productivity of 2, 000 kilocalories/meter? / year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kilocalories/ meter? /year available to herbivores in that biome?
200
1480
2000
5480
Answers
Answer:
200 kilocal/meters^2/year
Explanation:
200kilocalories/meter²/year is the approximate number of kilocalories/ meter² /year available to herbivores in that biome. Thus option A is correct.
What is biome?A biome is a community of animals and plants that naturally occur in a certain region and have common traits. It is a significant life zone that comprises living species that have a common adaption to that environment.
A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3, 480 kilocalories/meter²/year and a net primary productivity of 2, 000 kilocalories/meter² / year. 200kilocalories/meter²/year is the approximate number of kilocalories/ meter² /year available to herbivores in that biome.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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if you look at a cross section of a plant stem and see organized bundles of vascular tissue only near the outer surface of the stem the plant is most likely what?
A. a monocot
B. A single called algae
C. A dicot
D. moss
Answers
Abundant in tissues subjected to great mechanical stressa. Trueb. False
Answers
has an abundance of mechanically stressed tissues. When a tissue type, like the, is subjected to a lot of mechanical stress, phagocytosis takes place.
What does "tissue in animals" refer to?
Animal tissues are described as assemblages of cells that collaborate to carry out particular tasks. Animals have four main types of tissue, each with a distinct structure and function. These include epithelial tissues as well as connective, muscular, nervous, and epithelial tissues.
What causes tissues to grow?
Simply put, a group of cells with a similar structure and function is a tissue sample. They offer a cellular entire organization among cells and organ systems. Organs are created from the informational and normative of diverse tissues.
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- Hello! I am currently in the systematical process, of completing a FRQ, for my AP Psychology, course, and was wondering, if you could potentially, provide assistance; help, on this scenario, as follows:
Prompt: Eighteen-year-old Jennifer is afraid of heights. She has sought professional help to overcome this paralyzing fear but to little avail. When she is higher than two stories, she is reminded of a frightening trip to a high observation deck as a child. Each time Jennifer knows she will be in a high place, she plans out her approach days ahead but is anxious and agitated until the moment arrives. She realizes her fears are irrational but cannot seem to help her behavior.
A) Explain how the following approaches to psychology would help Jennifer understand the causes of her fears.
• Humanistic
• Psychoanalytic
• Cognitive
• Behavioral
• Sociocultural
B) Explain how the following types of psychologists would attempt to examine Jennifer’s behavior.
• Counseling
• Developmental
Answers
Answer:
A) Behavioral
B) Developmental
A client has had a kidney transplant performed for end-stage kidney disease. What type of immune response that T-cell lymphocytes perform is related to this type of surgery
Answers
The type of immune response that T-cell lymphocytes have related to this type of surgery is cell-mediated response.
What is the cell-mediated response?The cell-mediated response is a type of cellular response where cells of the immune system work to maintain a healthy state.
This type of response (cell-mediated response) is associated with the activation of inmmune T cells.
In conclusion, the type of immune response that T-cell lymphocytes have related to this type of surgery is cell-mediated response.
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Consider the following two statements about succession.
Student 1:
Matthew - As succession begins, communities tend to be dominated by mostly K-selected species. As succession continues, r-selected species tend to compete better and therefore become more and more common.
Student 2:
Iman - As succession begins, communities tend to be dominated by mostly r-selected species. As succession continues, K-selected species tend to compete better and therefore become more and more common.
Which student is correct?
a. Provide a rationale for your answer (2 marks)
b. Provide a specific example of succession which includes at least one example of an r-selected and one example of a K-selected species. (1 mark)
Note - No marks are earned by simply agreeing with either Matthew or Iman
Answers
How would these adaptations for sunlight also enable a plant to compete for space
Answers
The adaptation to sunlight also enables a plant to compete for space because light stimulates the rapid growth of plants to reach it and often shades other plants with their leaves.
What is Adaptation?Adaptation may be defined as a type of process that involves an instance of modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence or survival in the ecosystem.
It is assumed that when an old tree in a forest dies and falls to the ground, there is a race to fill in the gap in the canopy. This demonstrates a competition of the plants for space. Light is a vital resource for plants, which compete for it, particularly in dense communities.
Therefore, the adaptation to sunlight also enables a plant to compete for space because light stimulates the rapid growth of plants to reach it and often shades other plants with their leaves.
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When the genetic material found within an offspring is diverse, what type of reproduction is responsible?
a
Sexual reproduction, because the genetic material comes from both parents
b
Sexual reproduction, because the genetic material comes from one parent
c
Asexual reproduction, because the genetic material comes from both parents
d
Asexual reproduction, because the genetic material comes from one parent
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
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Which type of transport is being used in the model above (diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport)? Explain how you know.
Answers
Which of the following is TRUE about stem cells
A) stem cells can only turn into liver cells
B) stem cells are not found in humans
C) stem cells are illegal to study
D) stem cells can differentiate into many types of cells
Answers
Answer:
I think it’s D
Explanation:
A small oceanic plate borders the North American Plate along northern California, Oregon, and Washington. As a result of
this plate boundary, the Pacific Northwest contains a volcanic mountain range known as the Cascades.
Based on the volcanic mountain range shown on the map, describe the motion of the plates and identify the type of plate
boundary in this region.
Answers
The motion of the plates is towards each other and the type of plate boundary in this region is referred to as convergent boundary.
What is Convergent boundary?This is referred to as a location or area where two tectonic plates move towards each other and it is based on different types of factors and the materials which are involved in the process.
This type of boundary is common along northern California, Oregon, and Washington and it contains a volcanic mountain range known as the cascades which depicts the collision of the plates which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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B.Fill in the blanka with the correct word given inside the box.
clay. water. sticky. loam
oxygen. sand. plants. particles
7.________ is made up of particles that are tightly packed together.
Very fine 8._________ of rocks can hold much water and become 9._________
when wet.While 10.________ is a mixture of sand and clay,this contains the right mixture of particles of silt,sand and clay.
Answers
Answer:
7=clay
8=loam
9=sticky
10=loam
I do not understand this. Please help
Answers
Answer:
3 cells,
Explanation: i just know
what is the correct order of protein production?
1) ribosome
2) endoplasmic reticulum
3) secretory vesicles
4) golgy apparatus
a) 1,2,3,4
b) 2,4,3,1
c) 1,2,4,3
d) 3,2,4,1
Answers
Answer:
The correct order of protein production is:
c) 1,2,4,3
Ribosome: Protein synthesis begins in the ribosomes, which are located either in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: After the initial stages of protein synthesis in the ribosomes, the newly synthesized protein is transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for further processing and modification.
Golgi Apparatus: The proteins synthesized in the ER undergo further processing and modifications in the Golgi apparatus. This includes sorting, packaging, and modifying the proteins to their final functional forms.
Secretory Vesicles: Once the proteins are properly processed and modified in the Golgi apparatus, they are packaged into secretory vesicles. These vesicles transport the proteins to their destination, such as the plasma membrane for secretion outside the cell.
Therefore, the correct order is 1, 2, 4, 3.
Answer:
The correct order of protein production is ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles. So the correct answer would be c) 1,2,4,3.
Many proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, the plasma membrane, and secretion from the cell are synthesized on ribosomes that are bound to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Golgi apparatus then distributes these proteins and lipids that it receives from the ER.