The most common form of color blindness in humans is due to an X-linked recessive allele. A man who is color blind has a 45,X (Turner syndrome) daughter who is also color blind. Did the nondisjunction that led to the 45,X child occur in the mother or the father? Explain the evidence supporting your answer.
Answers
The nondisjunction that led to the 45, X child occurs in the mother. Turner syndrome occurs in females, so the 45, X child must have received the X chromosome from the mother because the father only contributes Y chromosome to the offspring which makes them male.
Therefore, the father of the 45, X daughter with color blindness cannot have the 45, X (Turner syndrome) himself because he does not possess X chromosomes; instead, he only contributes the Y chromosome to his offspring with the X chromosome from the mother. The father will only inherit a single X chromosome and a single Y chromosome, whereas the mother will inherit two X chromosomes.
Therefore, a male parent cannot transmit Turner syndrome to their daughter. The fact that both the father and the daughter are colorblind is not significant because males have a higher likelihood of being colorblind than females and since the inheritance of the X chromosome is a result of random segregation, the daughter inherited the colorblindness gene from her mother.
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A person who has Turner syndrome (45,X) lacks one of their two X chromosomes. Therefore, Turner syndrome individuals have just one copy of each X-linked gene. The father is responsible for the X chromosome in the fertilized egg, so the father is responsible for giving the daughter a single X chromosome.
Color blindness is the inability to see colors in the usual way, and it is usually inherited as an X-linked recessive allele. A person who has Turner syndrome (45,X) lacks one of their two X chromosomes. Therefore, Turner syndrome individuals have just one copy of each X-linked gene. The father is responsible for the X chromosome in the fertilized egg, so the father is responsible for giving the daughter a single X chromosome. Since the father is color blind and the daughter is color blind, the 45,X (Turner syndrome) child got the defective X-linked recessive allele from the father, which means that the nondisjunction that led to the 45,X child occurred in the father.
Evidence: Color blindness is a genetic disorder that is inherited as an X-linked recessive allele. Since the father is color blind and the daughter is also color blind, it is reasonable to conclude that the father is the one responsible for passing the X-linked recessive allele that causes color blindness to the daughter. The 45,X child has Turner syndrome. This is a genetic disorder that occurs as a result of nondisjunction in the mother during meiosis I or II. However, since the father is color blind, he can only pass on one X chromosome, and the nondisjunction that resulted in the 45,X child must have occurred in the father.
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Related Questions
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST. Write a short paragraph on what you have learned about heredity and traits. There have to be two answers for me to mark one of them brainliest.
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Answer:
I have learned that heredity is the passing of traits from parents to their children. These traits can be physical, such as eye color, or behavioral, such as a tendency to be shy. Heredity is determined by genes, which are passed down from parents to their children. Genes are made up of DNA, which is the blueprint for life.
Explanation:
At which temperature is water a solid?
A. 30 °F
B. 75 °F
C. 127 °F
D. 214 °F
Answers
What is the greatest eliminator of a species in terms of habitat destruction?
А plowing of grasslands
B deforestation in tropical areas
С destruction of coral reefs
D destruction of wetlands
Answers
Answer:
i think B.
Explanation:
That destroys a habitat for many species
which of the following is the purpose of fermentation? a. to make atp b. to make carbon molecule intermediates for anabolism c. to make nadh d. to make nad
Answers
The purpose of fermentation is to make ATP and to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.
The correct option is a. to make atp.
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules, which can then undergo different fermentation pathways depending on the type of organism and environmental conditions. Fermentation allows the cell to continue producing ATP when oxygen is scarce or unavailable, such as during intense exercise or in anaerobic environments. In addition to ATP, fermentation also produces different end products depending on the pathway used, including lactic acid, ethanol, and carbon dioxide. These end products can have commercial uses, such as in the production of yogurt, cheese, and alcoholic beverages. While fermentation does not directly make carbon molecule intermediates for anabolism, it does help to maintain a supply of NADH, which can be used in other metabolic processes. Overall, fermentation is an important process that allows cells to generate energy and adapt to changing environmental conditions.
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Please label all of these
Answers
Answer:
A. Duodenum
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Pancreas
E. Large intestine
F. Gallbladder
Most phenotypic traits—features of the organism that we can observe—are not easy to put into a Punnet Square. Give at least two reasons, or factors, that make most phenotypic traits complicated. How, then, can we measure these traits?
Answers
Most phenotypic traits are complex due to polygenic inheritance and environmental influences.
Phenotypic traits often result from the combined effects of multiple genes (polygenic inheritance) and can be influenced by environmental factors. Punnett Squares, which illustrate single gene pair inheritance, are not suitable for capturing the complexity of such traits. Additionally, environmental factors can interact with genetic factors, leading to variations in trait expression.
To measure complex phenotypic traits, alternative approaches are used. Quantitative measurements, such as height or weight, provide precise numerical values. Statistical analysis helps identify patterns, correlations, and heritability estimates in populations. It involves studying large sample sizes and employing statistical models to understand the contributions of genetic and environmental factors. Molecular genetics advancements have further enhanced our ability to study complex traits at the genetic level.
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1. In humans, the starting cell in this process has 46
chromosomes.
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Explanation:
Meiosis I
At the beginning of meiosis I, a human cell contains 46 chromosomes, or 92 chromatids (the same number as during mitosis). Meiosis I proceeds through the following phases:
■ Prophase I: Prophase I is similar in some ways to prophase in mitosis.
this spice is used to prepare mustard and is the main spice in curry powder; it is derived from plants in the species
Answers
The spice used to prepare mustard and is the main spice in curry powder is derived from plants in the species Curcuma longa (Turmeric).
Curcuma longa is the herb plant with various medicinal properties. It is highly used in Indian dishes. It is also a dietary agent. Its medicinal properties are used in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha medicines. Diseases and disorders like biliary disorders, anorexia, cough, diabetic wounds, etc. are treated using it.
Biliary disorders are ones emerging due to damage in bile ducts. These damages can even lead to liver failure. The most common biliary disorder is gall stone. Abdominal pain is the most emerging symptom of the disorder.
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predict how each mutation would affect the amount (mass) of dna in calix’s cells. mass of dna increase decrease no change point mutation chromosomal rearrangement nondisjunction
Answers
Mutations refer to the changes that occur in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome. In point mutation, one base of DNA is replaced by another base, while in chromosomal rearrangement, there is a change in the arrangement of DNA in chromosomes.
Mutations refer to the changes that occur in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome. In point mutation, one base of DNA is replaced by another base, while in chromosomal rearrangement, there is a change in the arrangement of DNA in chromosomes. Nondisjunction occurs when chromosomes fail to separate during cell division. Mutations can affect the amount (mass) of DNA in cells in different ways. Let’s explore each mutation: Point mutation: A point mutation is a change in one nucleotide (base pair) of the DNA sequence. This can lead to the alteration of the gene’s sequence and structure, thereby changing the function of the gene product. The impact on the amount of DNA in the cell is usually negligible, and there may not be any change in the mass of DNA. Chromosomal rearrangement: Chromosomal rearrangements occur when part of a chromosome is moved to another part or when the order of the genes in a chromosome is altered. This can affect the amount of DNA in cells because the gene copy number changes. Depending on the type of rearrangement, the mass of DNA can either increase or decrease. Nondisjunction: Nondisjunction is the failure of chromosomes to separate during cell division. This can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells. The amount of DNA in cells can be affected because an extra chromosome or a missing chromosome can be inherited. This can lead to an increase or decrease in the amount of DNA in cells. In summary, point mutation is unlikely to affect the mass of DNA, while chromosomal rearrangement and nondisjunction can either increase or decrease the amount of DNA in calix’s cells.
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describe an example of a change in DNA that would cause a frameshift mutation
Answers
Answer:
A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. ... For instance, if just one nucleotide is deleted from the sequence, then all of the codons including and after the mutation will have a disrupted reading frame.
Answer:
A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. ... Therefore, frameshift mutations result in abnormal protein products with an incorrect amino acid sequence that can be either longer or shorter than the normal protein.
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Which type of reproduction involves only one parent?
Asexual
Cytokinesis
Meiosis
Sexual
Answers
Answer:
Asexual Reproduction
Explanation:
because it involves one parent
Answer:
asexual my dudes
Explanation:
do you ever get so mad that you just give up? thats me in math
b) How do you know that this is a law in scientific terms? Read through the definition of law in the question above.
Answers
A law of science is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describe or predicts a set of natural phenomena.
In scientific terms, a law is a statement describing an observed phenomenon, often expressed in mathematical terms, repeatedly tested and confirmed by experiment and observation. This means that scientific law is a well-established and widely accepted explanation of a natural phenomenon that has been repeatedly observed and can be used to predict future outcomes.
Scientific laws are based on empirical evidence and have endured numerous tests and observations, making them an integral part of scientific knowledge and understanding. The fact that the law of universal gravitation has been extensively observed, tested, and confirmed over time by experimentation and observation has established it as a scientific law.
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a fungus is a special kind of plant. group of answer choices true false
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Explain why fossils that form in sediments usually only include the hard parts of animals. True or False
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
the way you worded the question was weird
Which types of rocks can become metamorphic rock?
both igneous and metamorphic rock
both igneous and sedimentary rock
clastic sedimentary rock
clastic or chemical sedimentary rock
Answers
Answer: Your answer is ''Both igneous and sedimentary rock.''
Explanation: They both can form underground and at the surface.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Determine if the limiting factors listed below are density-dependent or density-independent.
Answers
Answer:
industrial pollution is density-independent
habitat is density-dependent food is also density-dependent because its availability varies depending on this factor a hurricane is abiotic and density-independent number of mates is density-dependent and hunting by humans is density-independent
What evidence is there that the edited DMD gene can produce dystrophin?
Answers
Answer:
Functional dystrophin gene restoration has been demonstrated by CRISPR/Cas9 editing in iPSCs derived from DMD patients with exon deletions, exon duplications, and point mutations
Explanation:
Why can an individual be a carrier but not have the disorder?A) Because it is not expressedB) Because it does not effect the individual visiblyC) Because the individual received therapy to overcome the disorderD) Because the individual received surgery to get rid of the disorder
Answers
When a genetic disorder is not manifested means that even when is coded in the genes is not expressed, this can be due to a different factor, being the main reason that is a recessive gene masqued by the healthy dominant gene. Therefore the correct answer is letter A.
by which process does air move into the lungs?
Answers
Answer:
When you breathe in, the diaphragm moves downward toward the abdomen, and the rib muscles pull the ribs upward and outward. This makes the chest cavity bigger and pulls air through the nose or mouth into the lungs.
pls mark me the brainliest
Answer:
respiratory system
Explanation:
The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs, and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.
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Which ABO blood type has the A antigens on the surface of red blood cells?
A)Type A blood only
B)Type O blood only
C)Type A and type B blood
D)Type A and type AB blood
Answers
A blood type
Explanation:
people with type A blood will have the A antigen on the surface of their red cells (as shown in the table below). As a result, anti-A antibodies will not be produced by them because they would cause the destruction of their own blood.
The model illustrates the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration. Write balanced chemical equations showing the relationship between the two processes.
Answers
The balanced chemical equation showing the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are
\(6H_{2}0 + 6CO_{2}\) + sunlight ⇒ \(6O_{2}+C_{6} H_{12}O_{6}\)
\(6O_{2} + C_{6} H_{12}O_{6}\) ⇒ \(6CO_{2} +6H_{2}O\) + ATP
Photosynthesis аnd cellulаr respirаtion аre connected through аn importаnt relаtionship. Photosynthesis mаkes the glucose thаt is used in cellulаr respirаtion to mаke АTP. The glucose is then turned bаck into cаrbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. While wаter is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis, in cellulаr respirаtion oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form wаter. While photosynthesis requires cаrbon dioxide аnd releаses oxygen, cellulаr respirаtion requires oxygen аnd releаses cаrbon dioxide. It is the releаsed oxygen thаt is used by us аnd most other orgаnisms for cellulаr respirаtion.
We breаthe in thаt oxygen, which is cаrried through our blood to аll our cells. In our cells, oxygen аllows cellulаr respirаtion to proceed. Cellulаr respirаtion works best in the presence of oxygen. Without oxygen, much less АTP would be produced.
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Which pituitary condition is decreased production of all hormones from the anterior pituitary?
Answers
The pituitary condition characterized by decreased production of all hormones from the anterior pituitary is called hypopituitarism.
Hypopituitarism refers to the underactivity or decreased functioning of the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it produces and regulates several important hormones that control various bodily functions.
In hypopituitarism, there is a deficiency or reduced secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary, which is the front portion of the gland. This can result from various causes, including pituitary tumors, pituitary gland damage or injury, genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, infections, or certain medications. In some cases, the cause may be unknown.
The anterior pituitary produces several hormones that regulate the function of other endocrine glands and influence various physiological processes. These hormones include growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). In hypopituitarism, the production and release of these hormones are diminished, leading to hormonal deficiencies and imbalances throughout the body.
The specific symptoms and manifestations of hypopituitarism depend on which hormones are deficient. Common symptoms may include fatigue, weight loss or gain, loss of appetite, sexual dysfunction, infertility, low blood pressure, decreased body hair, and changes in menstrual cycles in women. Treatment for hypopituitarism typically involves hormone replacement therapy to restore normal hormone levels and manage the symptoms associated with hormone deficiencies.
In summary, hypopituitarism is a pituitary condition characterized by decreased production of all hormones from the anterior pituitary. It leads to hormonal deficiencies and can cause a wide range of symptoms depending on the specific hormones affected. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate hormone replacement therapy are essential in managing this condition effectively.
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the path of air resembles the path of blood in the circulatory system. it starts off with bigger tubes, and as it moves in deeper into the lungs, it goes through intensive and extensive branching to reach the site of gas exchange (alveoli). study the anatomy of the lungs and follow the path of air through the respiratory structures.
Answers
Air follows a branching pattern in the respiratory system, starting with larger tubes like the trachea and bronchi, and moving into smaller bronchioles before reaching the alveoli for gas exchange. This structure optimizes oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide release.
The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
The pathway of air in the lungs closely resembles the path of blood in the circulatory system, as it follows a branching pattern to maximize surface area for efficient gas exchange.
Air enters the respiratory system through the nasal passages or mouth and then travels through the pharynx and larynx. From there, it enters the trachea, a large tube reinforced with cartilage rings, which divides into two smaller tubes called the bronchi.
The bronchi further branch into smaller bronchioles, which continue to divide into even smaller respiratory bronchioles.
The respiratory bronchioles eventually lead to the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs surrounded by a network of capillaries. It is within the alveoli that the actual gas exchange takes place.
Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses across the thin alveolar walls and enters the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide, a waste product, moves in the opposite direction to be exhaled.
This extensive branching of the airways in the lungs ensures that air reaches the alveoli, maximizing the surface area available for gas exchange.
The structure of the respiratory system optimizes the exchange of gases, providing the body with the oxygen it needs while eliminating carbon dioxide waste.
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Can soneone please explain enzymes in a clear and in an understandable way?
Answers
Enzymes are biological catalysts* and enzymes are also a protein
Catalysts* are a substance that can speed up reactions
If all your organs are components in the human body system, what body part act as the boundary?
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A region experiences frequent landslides for m heavy rains. How can the local residents lower the frequency of landslides in the region?
Answers
To lower the frequency of landslides in a region experiencing frequent landslides due to heavy rains, local residents can implement the following measures:
Implement proper drainage systems: Constructing effective drainage systems can help divert excess water away from slopes and hillsides. This reduces the saturation of soil, minimizing the risk of landslides. The drainage systems can include channels, ditches, and underground pipes to efficiently manage the flow of water.
Plant vegetation and trees: Vegetation and trees play a crucial role in stabilizing soil and preventing erosion. Their roots bind the soil together, reducing the likelihood of landslides. Local residents can engage in afforestation and reforestation efforts, planting trees and vegetation on vulnerable slopes and hillsides. This helps enhance the stability of the soil and increases its ability to absorb water.
Terracing and contouring: Implementing terracing and contouring techniques can help control the flow of water down slopes. These practices involve creating steps or platforms on the slopes to slow down the movement of water and prevent erosion. Terracing and contouring also help in retaining moisture in the soil, reducing the risk of landslides.
By implementing these measures, the local residents can effectively lower the frequency of landslides in the region. Proper drainage systems, vegetation planting, and terracing techniques work together to manage water flow, stabilize soil, and minimize erosion, reducing the conditions that lead to landslides. These preventive measures can contribute to the overall safety and resilience of the area against landslides caused by heavy rains.
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Michaela spend the day at the lake with some friends. She spends some time exploring the lake as she looks around she notices that there are plants only in certain areas where would she see plants growing? Why?
Answers
Answer:
She would mostly see plants grow around the banks of the lake. In addition, she might see some plants growing in the lake. The plants are majorly aquatic plants. The ones on the banks are emergent plants because their roots are submerged in water and their foliage is above water. They grow on the shores because it shallow there. Free-floating aquatic plants may grow in the lake because they are suspended on the water surface with their roots just floating underneath the water surface.
The resting membrane potential results when the tendency for attraction to opposite charges iside the cell. To diffuse out of the cell is balanced by their
Answers
Answer:
K⁺
Explanation:
The resting membrane potential results when the tendency for K⁺ to diffuse
Resting membrane potential is simply the electrical PD across plasma membrane whenever the cell has entered its Non-excited state.
briefly explain how hydra accomplish each of the 9 main life process of an animal. use proper structure names when possible.
Answers
These are the 9 main life processes of an animal and how hydra accomplish each of them:
RespirationNutritionExcretionSensitivityMovementGrowthReproductionDevelopmentDeathWhat do these processes mean?Respiration: Hydras respire through their skin. The skin is thin and allows oxygen to diffuse into the body. Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the body in the same way.
Nutrition: Hydras are carnivores and feed on small animals, such as plankton and insects. They capture their prey with their tentacles and inject it with a paralyzing venom. The venom paralyzes the prey and makes it easier for the hydra to digest.
Excretion: Hydras excrete waste products through their skin. The waste products diffuse out of the body in the same way that oxygen diffuses in.
Sensitivity: Hydras are sensitive to touch, light, and chemicals. They use these senses to find food, avoid predators, and reproduce.
Movement: Hydras can move by contracting their body. They can also move by extending their tentacles.
Growth: Hydras grow by cell division. The cells at the tip of the body divide and create new cells. These new cells are added to the body of the hydra, making it grow longer.
Reproduction: Hydras can reproduce sexually or asexually. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes, each from a different hydra. Asexual reproduction involves the budding of a new hydra from the body of an existing hydra.
Development: Hydras develop from a fertilized egg. The egg divides into two cells, then four cells, and so on. The cells eventually form a blastula, which is a ball of cells. The blastula then forms a gastrula, which is a cup-shaped organism with two layers of cells. The gastrula eventually develops into a hydra.
Death: Hydras can die from a variety of causes, including starvation, predation, and disease.
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As polar ice caps melt, the temp of the ocean increases. this leads to more ice melting, which leads to an even higher increase in ocean temp. is this an example of positive or negative feedback?
Answers
This is an example of positive feedback. Positive feedback is a process in which a change in a system leads to further changes that amplify or reinforce the initial change.
In this case, the melting of polar ice caps leads to an increase in ocean temperature, which in turn causes more ice to melt. This melting then leads to an even higher increase in ocean temperature, creating a loop of amplification. This positive feedback loop can have serious consequences for the planet, including rising sea levels and more frequent and severe weather events. It is important to address the root causes of this feedback loop by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable practices to prevent further melting of the polar ice caps.
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