the solution to problem 49 shows that to make home- made ice cream, temperatures ranging downward from 23°c are needed. ice cubes from a freezer have a tempera- ture of about 212°c (110°f), which is cold enough, but contact with the warmer ice cream mixture causes them to melt to liquid at 0°c, which is too warm. to obtain a liq- uid that is cold enough, salt (nacl) is dissolved in water, and ice is added to the saltwater. the salt lowers the freez- ing point of the water enough so that it can freeze the liquid inside the ice cream maker. the instructions for an ice cream maker say to add one part salt to eight parts water (by mass). what is the freezing point of this solution (in degrees celsius and degrees fahrenheit)? assume that the nacl dissociates fully into ions, and that the solution is ideal.

The burden of proof required in a criminal case is "beyond a reasonable doubt."

In a criminal case, the burden of proof refers to the legal obligation of the prosecution to prove that the defendant committed the crime they are accused of. The standard of proof required in criminal cases is "beyond a reasonable doubt."This means that the prosecution must present evidence that is strong enough to convince the jury or judge of the defendant's guilt to a level that is beyond any reasonable doubt.

If there is any reasonable doubt in the mind of the jury or judge, then the defendant must be acquitted of the charges against them. The burden of proof in a criminal case is very high because the consequences of a criminal conviction can be very serious, including imprisonment, fines, and other penalties. It is therefore important that the prosecution presents a strong and compelling case that meets the "beyond a reasonable doubt" standard in order to secure a conviction.

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Answer:

Option C: A positively charged nucleus sits at the center of an atom.

Explanation:

Thompson’s plum pudding model was a model proposed by Thompson to show that an atom consisted of more than one fundamental unit.

In Thompson's model, he suggested that the atom consisted of a cloud of positive charges which were surrounded by electrons which are negative charges distributed throughout.

Now, Thompson's experiment was later rejected by Ernest Rutherford when he carried out the gold foil experiment and came to the conclusion where he proposed a model that the atom consisted of mainly empty space and that all its positive charge are concentrated at its center and further surrounded by a cloud of electrons.

From the given options, the correct one is Option C.

Answer: Option C: A positively charged nucleus sits at the center of an atom.

Explanation:

When water combines with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, it will form carbonic acid, which is a weak acid. If this weak acid comes in contact with a rock, it will cause some of the rock to be dissolved. This process can also be referred to as weathering.

Answer:

it's the uneven heating of the region's of the troposphere by the sun the sun warms the air at the equator more than the air at the poles. it causes convention currents large scale patterns of winds that move heat and moisture around the globe. as air rises expands and cools water vapor condenses and clouds develop.

Explanation:

I hope this helps :)

The final mass of the largest planetary embryos, also known as protoplanets, can vary as a function of distance from the Sun. The process of planet formation involves the accumulation of solid material in a protoplanetary disk around a young star. Here are some general trends in the final mass of protoplanets as a function of distance from the Sun:

1. Proximity to the Sun: Closer to the Sun, in the inner regions of the protoplanetary disk, the temperature is higher, and the materials present are predominantly rocky and metallic. Protoplanets in these regions can grow more efficiently through collisions and accretion, resulting in larger final masses.

2. Icy Outer Regions: As we move farther from the Sun, beyond the frost line (typically around 2-3 AU), the temperatures drop, and volatile substances like water, methane, and ammonia can condense into solid ice. Protoplanets in these icy regions have access to a larger reservoir of material, which can lead to the formation of larger protoplanets.

3. Gas Giants: Beyond a certain distance, typically around 10 AU or further, the protoplanetary disk becomes more massive and dense, allowing the formation of gas giant planets like Jupiter and Saturn. These planets can accumulate a significant amount of gas from the surrounding disk, contributing to their large final masses.

4. Dynamic Interactions: The growth and evolution of protoplanets can be influenced by various factors such as gravitational interactions with other protoplanets, planetesimal scattering, and orbital resonances. These interactions can either facilitate or hinder the growth of protoplanets, leading to variations in their final masses.

It's important to note that the specific details of protoplanet formation and growth are still actively studied and can depend on various factors such as the initial conditions of the protoplanetary disk, the composition of the disk, and the specific dynamics of the system. Therefore, the relationship between final protoplanet mass and distance from the Sun can be complex and may require detailed simulations and modeling to provide more precise predictions.

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The factor identified as not associated with (and possibly causing) type 1 diabetes mellitus is option c) dysfunctional insulin receptors.

Insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed in type 1 diabetes mellitus, an autoimmune condition. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is thought to be caused by or be influenced by the following factors:

A hormone called insulin is produced by beta cells in the pancreas. It is essential for controlling blood sugar levels and making it easier for cells to absorb glucose for use as fuel. Insulin signals cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissues to absorb glucose from the bloodstream, assisting in the maintenance of normal blood sugar levels.

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Explanation:

because Xenon is Noble gas

Answer:

i dont know...

Explanation:

Answer:

The charge of a Strontium atom that has 10 electrons is 4.48 × 10⁻¹⁸ C

Explanation:

The atomic number of Strontium is 38

The electronic configuration of Strontium is given as follows;

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶5s²

The atomic number of Strontium is 38 electrons in orbit and 38 protons in its nucleus and is electronically neutral

38e⁻ + 38e⁺ = 0

When there are only 10 electrons in an atom of Strontium, we have;

10e⁻ + 38e⁺ = +28e

The charge of a Strontium atom that has 10 electrons is +28e

+28e = 28×1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C = 4.48 × 10⁻¹⁸ C

The charge of a Strontium atom that has 10 electrons is +28e or 4.48 × 10⁻¹⁸ C.

Answer: Potassium (K) has the lowest electronegativity among the given elements.

Explanation:

Electronegativity is a measure of an element's ability to attract electrons towards itself when it is involved in a chemical bond with another element. Potassium has the lowest electronegativity because it has only one valence electron that is located far from the nucleus, making it easier to lose that electron and become a positively charged ion. In contrast, nitrogen, lithium, and bromine have higher electronegativities because they have more valence electrons or the valence electrons are closer to the nucleus, making it more difficult to remove or share electrons.

The element with the lowest electronegativity among the given options is potassium (K). Potassium has an electronegativity value of approximately 0.82 on the Pauling scale, which is the lowest value among the four elements listed. In contrast, nitrogen (N) has an electronegativity of approximately 3.04, bromine (Br) has an electronegativity of approximately 2.96, and lithium (Li) has an electronegativity of approximately 0.98. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. The lower the electronegativity value, the less the atom attracts electrons towards itself.

Brainliest?

The most difficult of the pollutants to control is likely carbon dioxide because it is a greenhouse gas that is released from a variety of sources, including natural processes and human activities such as burning fossil fuels.

Unlike other pollutants, carbon dioxide cannot be easily removed from the atmosphere and its effects on climate change are long-lasting. While strategies can be implemented to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, such as transitioning to renewable energy sources, it is a complex and ongoing challenge. One of the main difficulties in controlling carbon dioxide emissions is that they are tied to many fundamental aspects of modern life, including energy production, transportation, and manufacturing. Therefore, finding effective ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions while maintaining economic growth and meeting societal needs remains a major challenge for policymakers and society as a whole.

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Answer:

The total air pressure at the top of the highest peak in the world is 253.5 torr

Explanation:

The partial pressures of the gases present at the top of Mount Everest are;

Nitrogen, N₂ = 201.0 torr

Oxygen, O₂ = 50.0 torr

Argon, Ar = 2.0 torr

Carbon dioxide, CO₂ = 0.5 torr

By Dalton's law of partial pressure, the total pressure that a mixture of gases exerts is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases

Mathematically, the law can be expressed as follows;

Total pressure, P = ∑P\(_i\) = P₁ + P₂ + · · ·

From which we have;

The total air pressure at the top of the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest, \(P_{Total Mont Everest}\) = The sum of the partial pressures of N₂, O₂, Ar, and CO₂

\(P_{Total Mont Everest}\) = 201.0 torr + 50.0 torr + 2.0 torr + 0.5 torr = 253.5 torr

\(P_{Total Mont Everest}\) = 253.5 torr = 0.33355263 atmosphere

Therefore, the total air pressure at the top of the highest peak in the world,  \(P_{Total Mont Everest}\) = 253.5 torr

The total air pressure at the top of the highest peak in the world is 253.5 torr.

Dalton's law of gases states that total pressure of any mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases.

Given that,

Partial pressure of Nitrogen gas = 201 torr

Partial pressure of Oxygen gas = 50 torr

Partial pressure of Argon gas = 2 torr

Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide gas = 0.5 torr

Total pressure at the top = 201 + 50 + 2 + 0.5 = 253.5 torr

Hence total pressure is 253.5 torr.

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Answer:

copper cathodes are normally referred to when talking about copper. Cathode is the purest form of copper and is the feedstock used to produce copper wire, cable, sheet, strip, tube, etc.

Explanation:

Answer: 2.)black

3.)red

4.)yellow

5.) I don't know I am very sorry

6.) I don't know I am very sorry

7.) light blue

8.) purple

9.) dark green

10.)purple

Answer:

combining wax

Explanation:

Candles burn through an efficient combustion process by combining wax, a poor conductor of heat that melts just above room temperature, with a wick, an absorbent material that will absorb liquid wax and transfer it toward the candles flame while its burning. when a candles wick is lit, the heat from above it. and I'm not a good explainer sorry if I got it wrong

A polar covalent bond is created when two atoms share their bonding electrons unequally.

In a polar covalent bond, the participating atoms have different electronegativities, causing the shared electrons to be pulled closer to the more electronegative atom. As a result, one atom gains a partial negative charge while the other atom gains a partial positive charge, creating a polar bond. This unequal sharing of electrons occurs when a metallic element reacts with a nonmetallic element, such as in the case of hydrogen chloride (HCl), where hydrogen (a nonmetal) shares its electron with chlorine (a nonmetal) but the chlorine atom attracts the electron more strongly, resulting in a polar covalent bond.

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TRUE. Water and hydrogen peroxide are indeed compounds composed of only hydrogen and oxygen.

The formula for water is H2O, while the formula for hydrogen peroxide is H2O2. These compounds also illustrate the law of multiple proportions, which states that if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, then the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a fixed mass of the first element will always be ratios of small whole numbers.

In the case of water and hydrogen peroxide, the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in water is 2:1, while in hydrogen peroxide, it is 1:2. These ratios are indeed small whole numbers and thus illustrate the law of multiple proportions.

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Answer:

Rate cup 1: 36.00 tsp/h.

Rate cup 2: 59.50 tsp/h.

Rate cup 3: 70.13 tsp/h.

Explanation:

Based on the given example, the units must be in tsp/hour. To do this we just have to divide tsp by seconds and then convert it to hours remembering that 1 hour equals 3600 seconds.

Let's calculate each case:

- Cup 1: 1 tsp, 1 minute 40 seconds. Remember that 1 minute equals 60 seconds, so 1 minute and 40 seconds equals 100 seconds. The calculation of the rate will look like this:

The rate of cup 1 is 36.00 tsp/h.

- Cup 2: 2 tsp, 2 minutes 1 second. As we saw before 1 minute equals 60 seconds, so 2 minutes equals 120 seconds. 2 minutes and 1 second equals 121 seconds. The rate of cup 2 will be calculated as:

The rate of cup 2 is 59.50 tsp/h.

- Cup 3: 3 tsp, 2 minutes 34 seconds. 2 minutes are the same that 120 seconds, so 2 minutes 34 seconds equals 154 seconds. The rate of cup 3 is calculated as follows:

The rate of cup 3 is 70.13 tsp/h.

The atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide (CO) is 1:1, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide (CO₂) is 2:1.

Firstly, we can analyze the decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to determine the atomic ratios involved.

Let's denote the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide as x, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide as y.

According to the given data;

Decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO);

Oxygen produced = 3.36 g

Carbon produced = 2.52 g

We know that the atomic mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol. Using these values, we can calculate the number of moles for each element;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 3.36 g / 16 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 2.52 g / 12 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is x, we can write the following equation;

0.21 mol C / (0.21 mol O) = x

Simplifying the equation, we have;

x = 1

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is 1:1.

Decomposition of carbon dioxide (CO₂);

Oxygen produced = 9.92 g

Carbon produced = 3.72 g

Following the same calculations as before;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 9.92 g / 16 g/mol = 0.62 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 3.72 g / 12 g/mol = 0.31 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is y, we can write the following equation;

0.31 mol C / (0.62 mol O) = y

Simplifying the equation, we have;

y = 0.5

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is 1:0.5, which can be simplified to 2:1.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Missed this? watch kcv: atomic theory; read section 2.3. you can click on the review link to access the section in your text. carbon and oxygen form both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. when samples of these are decomposed, the carbon monoxide produces 3.36 g of oxygen and 2.52 g of carbon, while the carbon dioxide produces 9.92 g of oxygen and 3.72 g of carbon. Calculate the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide."--

Answer:

29

Explanation:

since protons are a constant and unique characteristic of an element it's considered as he atomic number of that element.

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

We have been created by him therefore we would not have been created if there was no God.

Answer:

In a hydraulic lift system, the output force is greater than the input force because the pressure acting on the output piston is greater than the pressure acting on the input piston.

Explanation:

Answer:

254.6N

Explanation:

F=ma

F=67×3.8

F=254.6N

The rate of diffusion of CO2 gas through the bed in the air at a steady state through a loosely packed bed of sand at 276 K and a total pressure of 1 is -0.42 mol/(m² s).

The rate of diffusion of CO2 gas through the bed can be calculated using the following equation:

J = -DAB × (ε / τ) × (∂P/∂z)

where J is the molar flux of CO2, DAB is the diffusion coefficient of CO2 in the air, ε is the void fraction, τ is the tortuosity factor, and (∂P/∂z) is the pressure gradient across the bed.

We are given the values of ε, τ, ∂P/∂z, and the temperature and pressure, but we need to calculate the diffusion coefficient DAB.

Using the Wilke-Chang equation, the diffusion coefficient of CO2 in air at 276 K can be calculated as:

DAB = 0.00189 \(T^{(3/2)}\) / (P × σ × d²)

where T is the temperature in K, P is the pressure in Pa, σ is the collision diameter of CO2 in air (3.65 × 10^-10 m), and d is the diameter of a sand particle (assumed to be 0.1 mm).

Plugging in the values, we get:

DAB = 0.00189 × \(276^{(3/2)}\) / (1.013 × \(10^5\) × 3.65 × \(10^{-10}\) × 0.1 × \(10^{-3}\))²

DAB ≈ 1.04 × \(10^{-5}\) m²/s

Now, we can use the equation for J:

J = -DAB × (ε / τ) × (∂P/∂z)

J = -1.04 × \(10^{-5}\) × 0.30 / 1.87 × (2.026 × 10³ / 1.25)

J ≈ -0.42 mol/(m² s)

The negative sign indicates that CO2 is diffusing in the opposite direction of the pressure gradient, which is from top to bottom in this case. The absolute value of J represents the rate of diffusion of CO2 through the bed.

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Explanation:

Lithium is an electropositive element that readily loses electrons.

Oxygen is electronegative and it will readily accept electrons.

 Due to this significant electronegativity differences between the two species they form electrovalent or ionic bonds between them.

  2atoms of Li lose two electrons:

      Li  →  Li²⁺ + e⁻

             Lithium isoelectronic with helium

 For oxygen;

      O + 2e⁻   →  O²⁻

                          Oxygen is isoelectronic with Neon

Two ions of the lithium combines with the oxygen to form the bond;

                   4Li + O₂  →  2Li₂O

The electrostatic attraction between the two ions forms the ionic bond

Answer:

give answer of following questions and get 35 points.

Answer:

Explanation:

why are some atoms radioactive?

the delicate balance of forces among particles keeps the nucleus stable. Any change in the number the arrangement or the energy of the nucleons can upset this balance and cause the nucleus to become unstable and create a radioactive atom

The type of plot that can be used to determine λ max of a solution is Absorbance vs wavelength.

The correct option is C.

The plot of absorbance vs wavelength is called an absorption spectrum or an absorbance spectrum.

In this plot, the x-axis represents the wavelength of light, usually in nanometers (nm), and the y-axis represents the absorbance of the sample at that particular wavelength. The absorbance is a measure of how much light is absorbed by the sample at a specific wavelength.

The absorption spectrum is used to identify the wavelengths at which a substance absorbs light and can be used to determine the identity or concentration of the substance. The pattern of peaks and troughs in the absorption spectrum is unique to each substance, making it a useful tool in analytical chemistry and biochemistry.

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Answer: I would usually try my BEST to get help from yt videos. I recommend using yt that give the most kindergarten type speaking technique, this is really weird to say but it helps just incase you can be stressed out about the words being given by teachers in Chemistry. And I recommend writing down the notes when they explain as well. Hope this helps!