In conclusion, desmosomes are cell junctions that lock together along the longitudinal edge of a cell to enable many cells to be linked together in sheets. They use cadherins and intermediate filaments to create strong adhesion between adjacent cells, ensuring the integrity and stability of tissues.
The type of cell junctions that lock together along the longitudinal edge of a cell to enable many cells to be linked together in sheets are called desmosomes.
Desmosomes are specialized protein structures that provide strong adhesion between adjacent cells. They act like spot welds, joining the cytoskeletons of neighboring cells and creating a strong bond.
Here's a step-by-step explanation of how desmosomes work:
1. Desmosomes are made up of transmembrane proteins called cadherins, which span the cell membrane and connect with cadherins from adjacent cells.
2. Inside the cell, cadherins attach to intermediate filaments, which are part of the cytoskeleton. Intermediate filaments are made of proteins like keratin.
3. When desmosomes are present along the longitudinal edge of a cell, the cadherins from adjacent cells bind together, forming a strong connection.
4. This connection between cells prevents them from easily separating and allows them to form sheets or layers of cells, such as the epithelial cells that line our organs and tissues.
5. Desmosomes are especially important in tissues that undergo mechanical stress, like the skin, where they provide strength and stability.
In conclusion, desmosomes are cell junctions that lock together along the longitudinal edge of a cell to enable many cells to be linked together in sheets. They use cadherins and intermediate filaments to create strong adhesion between adjacent cells, ensuring the integrity and stability of tissues.
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Which are correct
examples of physical (P), chemical (C), and biological (B) barriers?
P: complement system; C: saliva; B: coughing
• P: coughing; C: saliva; B: complement system
• P: coughing; C: sneezing; B: complement system
• P: complement system; C: saliva; B: sneezing
P: coughing; C: saliva; B: complement system. That is option B.
What are immune barriers?The immune barriers are defined as those natural barriers that helps to prevent the invading of microorganisms on a host cell.
The physical barrier are natural structural obstacles example is coughing.
The Chemical barrier is the saliva that contains enzymes which can digest invading microorganisms.
The biological barrier is the complement system.
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Which of the following statements is true of the food web pictured?
The statement that is true about the food web in the picture is that the deer is a primary consumer. That is option C.
What is a food web?A food web is defined as the representation of various food chains that are associated with each other at various levels.
The food web is different from a food chain because a primary consumer can have more that one secondary consumer.
From the given picture, the squirrel is a primary consumer which is being eaten by two secondary consumers such as the vulture and the tiger.
Also from the picture, the deer is a primary consumer because it feeds directly on primary producers such as the scrubs.
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what is the velocity of a helicase that moves one base in each cycle if the helicase hydrolyzes 50 ATP per second
a. 6.8 x 10-3 μm/s b. 1.7 x 10-4 μm/s c. 1.7 x 10-2 μm/s d. 6.8 x 10-6 μm/s e. 6.8 x 10-2 μm/s
The velocity of a helicase that moves one base in each cycle and hydrolyzes 50 ATP per second is 416.7 μm/s.
To solve this problem, we need to use the equation:
velocity = (number of ATP hydrolyzed per second) x (energy released per ATP) / (force required to move one base pair)
The force required to move one base pair is typically around 6 pN (piconewtons). The energy released per ATP hydrolysis is around 50 kJ/mol. Using these values, we can calculate the velocity:
velocity = (50 ATP/s) x (50 kJ/mol) / (6 pN x 1 base) = 416.7 μm/s
However, we are looking for the velocity of the helicase when it moves one base in each cycle. We can assume that each cycle of helicase activity involves the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule. Therefore, we need to divide the above velocity by the number of bases moved per ATP hydrolysis:
velocity = 416.7 μm/s / 1 base = 416.7 μm/s
Therefore, the correct answer is not one of the options given. The actual velocity of the helicase would be 416.7 μm/s, which is much faster than any of the options provided.
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Why wouldn't you use a steel core as an electromagnet?
Answer:
this is because Steel is more difficult to magnetise and demagnetise but an iron core makes a temporary electromagnet because its lose its magnetism when the switch is open and and steel core is used to make a permanent electromagnet
PLSSS HELP I WILL MARK U!!!
Enzymes can build up (synthesize) or break down (lysis) a product. Explain the picture below
Answer:
Enzymes speedup the chemical reaction.
Explanation:
Enzymes are the molecules which are responsible for speedup of the chemical reaction. In this picture, we can see substrate attached to the active site of the enzyme. This enzyme speedup the chemical reaction and products are formed after completion of chemical reaction. When the chemical reaction is over, the products detached from the enzyme and no decrease occurs in the size of enzyme.
microbiology ch 15 a foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) . a. pamp b. marker c. antigen d. hapten e. antibody
On the surface of cells, viruses, fungi, and bacteria are molecules (often proteins) known as antigens. Antigens can also include non-living things including , chemicals, medications, and foreign objects.
When exposed to a foreign substance, B cells release what?For the purpose of binding to a particular protein, B cells have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their surface. The B cells then release antibodies that adhere to the antigen and stop it from doing any harm to the body after they have bound to this protein, which is known as an antigen.
The antigen's name is?Any chemical that triggers your immune system to make antibodies against it is referred to as an antigen. Your immune system is attempting to combat the chemical because it is not recognized by it, according to this.
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Which process naturally increases the amount of nitrogen in the soil?
A. Pollution
B. Decomposition
C. Eutrophication
D. Combustion
Answer:
Explanation:
During the decomposition about plant matter, organic nitrogen is once again converted to inorganic ammonium and released into the soil. The process that converts organic N to ammonium is called mineralization and plays a significant role in the management of nitrogen.
Answer:
Decomposition
Explanation:
Took the test
Which of the following sentences state a significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants? Traits are inherited in discrete units and are not the result of "blending." Genes are composed of DNA. Recessive genes occur more frequently in the F1 generation than do dominant ones. There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas.
Mendel concluded that the alternative forms of each trait are coded by discrete factors, which were called alleles that combine in pairs to express the trait. Traits are inherited in discrete units and are not the result of "blending."
------------------------
After making many crosses that involved different traits -such as plant height, or flower colors-, Mendel observed that, per trait, the F1 only expressed one of the alternative forms, while de other one disappeared.
Mendel named dominant the expressed variant.
Mendel then let these new plants auto pollinate and observed the results in the second generation, F2.
He saw that the variants that had previously disappeared among the F1, reappeared again. Both alternatives for each trait were present in the F2.
Mendel named recessive the second alternative variant.
Mendel explained his results by arguing that discrete factors were responsible for these phenotypes.
These factors should have been present in the F1 in pairs. One of them came from one parental plant, and the other factor came from the other plant. These factors separated again during sex cells formation, producing two types of gametes, each with only one factor.Mendel conclusion about his experiments was that per trait -flower color of plant length-, each plant had a pair of factors -which he named alleles-, and that each factor coded for one of the alternative forms of the traits -white or purple, tall or short-.
He thought that alleles separate -segregate- during the process of gamete formation.
The First Mendel's Law is the first conclusion he took about his experiments and is known as the segregation principle.
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Which of the following is not a sustainable wastewater practice that an individual can do?
Don't flush prescription drugs
Use biodegradable flushables
Use trash bins for tissue
Flushing sanitary napkins
Individuals would do all the sustainable wastewater that are mentioned, which are using biodegradable flushables, using prescription drugs and using trash bins instead of flushing sanitary napkins. Thus, option B is correct.
What is sustainable wastewater ?Sustainable wastewater management has been the need of the hour, as the using water in the way that would meets the current, ecological, social, and economic needs of an individual.
In order to increase the efficiency of the wastewater reuse by encouraging water reuse, reduction or recovery in our day to day lifestyle.
Therefore, Individuals would do all the sustainable wastewater that are mentioned, which are using biodegradable flushables, using prescription drugs and using trash bins instead of flushing sanitary napkins. Thus, option B is correct.
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How does DNA send it's instructions to the other parts of the cell?
Answer:Through mRNA, the DNA is able to transmit its messages out to other parts of the cell. (Learn more about mRNA here.) Information from the DNA is coded into mRNA which leaves the nucleus of the cell DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce. To carry out these functions, DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins, which are the complex molecules that do most of the work in our bodies (the white region) and is used by ribosomes (outlined in green). hope this helps have a great night ❤️❤️❤️
Explanation:
what primary location in the digestive tract do enzymes act to break the bonds between disaccharides so they may be transported for cell use as monosaccharides?
Answer:
Mouth.
Explanation:
Mouth contain saliva.Saliva have enzyme salivary amylase (ptyline) which breakdown disaccharides(starch) into Monoscchrides .About 30% disaccharides(starch ) digeation occur in mouth.
In the digestive tract, mouth is the primary location where enzymes act to break the bonds between disaccharides into monosaccharides.
What is a digestive tract?It consists of the gastrointestinal tract along with the accessory organs which are present in digestion process . It involves the breakdown of complex food into smaller components which can be easily assimilated and absorbed by the body.
The digestion process has 3 phases: cephalic phase , gastric phase and intestinal phase.Cephalic phase begins with secretion of gastric juices from gastric glands in response to sight and smell of food.It involves chewing and chemical breakdown of food by the action of digestive enzymes ,saliva in the mouth contain enzymes like lipase and amylase which are secreted by the salivary and serous glands present on the tongue.
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true or false: hdl removes cholesterol from the bloodstream and returns it to the liver for excretion.
HDL removes cholesterol from the bloodstream and returns it to the liver for excretion is referred to as a true statement.
What is a Liver?This is referred to as the larges solid organ in the body and it helps remove toxins from the blood through various processes.
The HDL removes cholesterol from the bloodstream and returns it to the liver. This is then flushed out in the form of excretion and is very important as it helps lower the risk for heart disease and stroke of an individual which is therefore why true was chosen as the correct choice.
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Which of the following types of genetic mutations would most likely result in a change in the FEWEST number of amino acids? *
A Substitution
B Deletion
C Insertion
Answer:I’m pretty sure its A
Explanation:
The following types of genetic mutations would most likely result in a change in the FEWEST number of amino acids would be substitution.
What is genetic mutation ?A genetic mutation is the mutation in which the type of change is present in the genes. This change in genes make the alteration of genetic mutation.
Substitution is the type of genetic mutation in which the one amino acid gets substituted for example in the case of sickle cell anemia where at the 6th position, glutamic acid is replaced by valine and this causes the genetic mutations.
This mutation is the point type where there is no proper changing of the genome where the single substitution is making a genetic disorder.
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Ten Discussion Questions1.Which number is beside the waxy covering of this flower? (image 1)2. Which number is beside the pistil of this flower? (image 1)3.What are the reproductive organs of a plant called?4. What are the reproductive organs of an animal called?5. What is an exoskeleton and explain its function?6. How are the support systems of plants and animals different?7. How is the function of a plant's waxy covering similar to the function of a cat's hair?8. How is the function of a plant's pistil and stamen different from the function of the ovariesand testes of an animal?9. Name one plant and one animal and explain a similarity between the function of theirorgans or physical structures.10. Name one plant and one animal and explain a difference between the function of theirorgans or physical structures.
Parts of the flower:
1. pistil
2. petal
3. leaf
4. receptacle or stem (location of number is not clear)
Answer to question 1 is receptacle or stem.
Answer to question 2 is petal
Answer to question 3
The reproductive organs of the plant are stamen, stigma, calyx, pistil, and colas.
Stamen is the male part of a flower. Stigma is responsible for collecting pollen grains. Calyx is a component of sepals and responsible for protecting the inner part of the flower while it is under development. Pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower. Cola is the bud. It is a cluster of buds. In general, the reproductive parts are the androecium (group of stamens) and gynoecium (carpels/pistils).
What structure in insects allows for oxygen to enter their body?
Alveoli
Lungs
Gills
Trachea/tracheal tubes
Answer:
the answer is tracheae.
Is the following sentence true or false? A characteristic of rock is that each of the component minerals retains its properties in the mixture
Answer:
true
Explanation:
The sentence "A characteristic of rock is that each of the component minerals retains its properties in the mixture" is false.
How do we explain?Rocks are made up of minerals, which are naturally occurring, inorganic solids that have a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure. The properties of a mineral are determined by its chemical composition and its crystal structure.
When minerals are mixed together to form a rock, the properties of the individual minerals may change because the minerals interact with each other and form new bonds. The new bonds may change the properties of the individual minerals, such as their hardness, density, and electrical conductivity.
Therefore, the statement A characteristic of rock is that each of the component minerals retains its properties in the mixture" is false
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How would blood flow be affected if the aorta decreased in diameter?
Answer:
A decreased diameter means more of the blood contacts the vessel wall, and resistance increases, subsequently decreasing flow. The influence of lumen diameter on resistance is dramatic: A slight increase or decrease in diameter causes a huge decrease or increase in resistance.
a student observes that the grass in his yard begins to die during the hot summer which of the folowing is a valid hypothesis for why the grasses seems to be dying
A hypothesis is a conjecture the researcher makes to predict what is going on or what is expected to occur. It is a relationship between two variables. It is not a fact, and it needs corroboration.
--------------------------
First, let us review what the hypothesis is.
A hypothesis is a scientific conjecture, not verified, that requires corroboration. It is a possibility, but not a fact.
The researcher hypothesizes in order to predict what is going on or what is expected to occur.
It explains the relation between the involved variables.
A hypothesis must
be expressed in a perfectly comprehensive manner. be written in the present time. be objective.There are different kinds of hypotheses: descriptive, correlative, differentiative, or causative.
Now, since I do not have the options, I am going to state two hypotheses for you to understand the concept. Then you will have to choose among your options, which do you think is the best hypothesis.
Option 1:
The grass in the yard is dying because of the high solar radiation.
Variables in this hypothesis are the grass dying and solar radiation.
The grass death/survivorship depends on the radiation. So here is the relationship between variables, the higher the radiation is, the more affected the grass is.
Since it is summer, we are assuming that high radiation is affecting the grass. So this is our conjecture. Hence, as we are not sure about it, we need to prove it.
Option 2:
The grass in the yard is dying because insects are feeding on the roots.
By previous knowledge, we know that there is a certain species of insects that increases its reproductive rate during summer, and they feed on the roots. This is a very common species, and we always see it in the grass.
So we can make this conjecture. We are not sure, but we think this might be the reason for the grass dying.
The variables are the grass dying and the insects feeding on the roots. The relationship between variables is that Because the insects feed on the roots, the grass is dying.
Note that in both cases, the hypotheses are in the present time, and the relationship between variables is very clear and explicit.
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what's the difference between pseaudscience and science
Answer:
hope it helps..
Explanation:
Pseudoscience is differentiated from science because – although it claims to be science – pseudoscience does not adhere to accepted scientific standards, such as the scientific method, falsifiability of claims, and Mertonian norms.
In order to run 200 m in 15 seconds, a runner must run at a speed of
Answer:
13.333 miles per hour
Explanation:
All you have to do is divide the speed to time, so 200/15 and you get 13.333
Hope you succeed in whatever your doing! <3
Answer:
13.333 mph
Explanation:
What can humans do to fix ocean acidification?
And what can a high schooler do to help ocean acidification?
Answer:
hope it helps....
Explanation:
Compost your waste; grow some of your own food and recycle. Conserve water. It takes lots of energy to pump, treat and heat water so saving water reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Watch what you pour down the drain and use eco-friendly products that break down.The most effective way to limit ocean acidification is to act on climate change, implementing solutions to dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels. If we dramatically cut our global warming emissions, and we limit future warming, we can significantly reduce the harm to marine ecosystems.
Animals communicate for various reasons, but one main reason is for reproduction. In what ways do animals communicate with other members of their species with the goal of reproduction? Choose the three that apply.
By utilizing communication strategies like Vocalizations, Visual displays and Pheromones, animals can enhance their chances of successful reproduction by attracting suitable mates and ensuring reproductive success.
Animals communicate with other members of their species for reproductive purposes through the following means:
Vocalizations and Calls: Many animals produce specific vocalizations or calls to attract potential mates. These vocalizations can serve as signals to indicate the presence of an individual ready to mate, advertise their fitness or quality as a mate, or establish territory to attract potential partners.
Visual Displays: Visual displays, such as elaborate courtship dances, colorful plumage, or displays of physical strength, are often used by animals to attract mates. These displays can be specific to a particular species or gender and serve as signals of reproductive fitness and attractiveness.
Chemical Signals and Pheromones: Animals may use chemical signals, including pheromones, to communicate their reproductive availability and attract potential mates. Pheromones are chemical substances released by an individual to elicit specific behavioral responses from others of the same species, particularly in relation to mating behaviors.
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You are probably
familiar with titles that historians have given to specific periods in history such as Pax Romana, the Renaissance, and the Victorian Era What title would you give to each of the three periods of U.S. environmental policy discussed in this lesson? Explain your choices.
For the three periods of U.S. environmental policy discussed in this lesson, I would assign the following titles:
Environmental Awakening: This title represents the initial phase of environmental policy in the United States, which emerged in the mid-19th century and continued into the early 20th century. During this period, there was a growing recognition of the importance of environmental conservation and protection. Key events such as the establishment of national parks and the formation of organizations like the Sierra Club reflected a growing awareness of the need to preserve natural resources and protect the environment for future generations.Environmental Revolution: This title characterizes the era of environmental policy that began in the 1960s and extended into the 1970s. It was a time of significant policy changes and heightened public awareness of environmental issues. Key developments during this period include the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the passage of landmark legislation such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, and the rise of the environmental movement. The term "revolution" highlights the transformative nature of the policy shifts and the substantial impact they had on environmental protection.Sustainable Stewardship: This title encapsulates the contemporary period of U.S. environmental policy, which encompasses the late 20th century to the present day. During this phase, there has been an increasing emphasis on sustainable practices, long-term planning, and a holistic approach to environmental management. Efforts to address climate change, promote renewable energy, and foster sustainable development reflect the focus on balancing environmental protection with economic growth and social well-being.To know more about ,environmental policy, click here https://brainly.com/question/11214287
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Please help 100 points
Answer: 3rd one
Explanation:
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Oxygen and nutrients enter the cell and CO2 and waste leave the cell
what atoms would you expect to find in a living cell
Responses
Carbon, Calcium, Iron and Potassium
Carbon, Calcium, Iron and Potassium
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
Carbon, Nitrogen, Calcium, & Phosphorous
Carbon, Nitrogen, Calcium, & Phosphorous
Carbon, Hydrogen, Iron and Sodium
Carbon, Hydrogen, Iron and Sodium
The correct answer is Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.
Living cells are composed of various atoms, but the most abundant elements found in biological systems are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These elements form the building blocks of organic molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are essential for the structure and function of cells.
Carbon is a fundamental element in organic compounds, providing the backbone for complex molecules. Hydrogen is present in most organic molecules, forming bonds with carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration and is involved in various metabolic processes. Nitrogen is a key component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other essential biomolecules.
While other elements like calcium, iron, potassium, and phosphorus are also found in living cells and play important roles in specific biological processes, they are not as universally abundant as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Overall, the combination of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen forms the basis of the molecular diversity and complexity observed in living cells.
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Which are characteristics of epithelial cells? Select two options.
Answer:
Epithelial tissue is composed of cells laid out in sheets with strong cell-to-cell attachments. These protein connections hold the cells together to form a tightly connected layer that is avascular but innervated in nature.
The epithelial cells are nourished by substances diffusing from blood vessels in the underlying connective tissue. One side of the epithelial cell is oriented towards the surface of the tissue, body cavity, or external environment and the other surface is joined to a basement membrane. The basement layer is non-cellular in nature and helps to cement the epithelial tissue to the underlying structures.
Which organelle stores water and helps to maintain the plant cell shape? (4 points)BНЕAreFGH
H. Vacuole
The central vacuole is the organelle able to store water and also maintain the cell shape. It`s sorrounded by a membrane and contains many dissolved substances.
What characteristics make a particular molecule organic? select the two answers that are correct.
Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
What are organic molecules?Organic molecules generally have carbon, oxygen and hydrogen bonds. Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with organic chemistry.
Organic molecules are compounds with complicated structures. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are some kind of organic molecules. Organic molecules are generally larger than inorganic molecules.
Carbon chain in organic molecules can be straight, branched or ring shaped. This compounds have some functional groups such as hydroxyl, methyl and carbonyl.
Therefore, Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
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Which of the following results from Griffith's experiment is an example of transformation? - Mouse dies after being injected with living S cells. - Mouse is healthy after being injected with living R cells. - Mouse is healthy after being injected with heat- killed S cells. - Mouse dies after being injected with a mixture of heat-killed S and living R cells. - In blood samples from the mouse in D, living S cells were found. 20 donne
In Griffith's experiment, the result that demonstrates transformation is when the mouse dies after being injected with a mixture of heat-killed S and living R cells. The correct option is D.
The result from Griffith's experiment that is an example of transformation is option D - Mouse dies after being injected with a mixture of heat-killed S and living R cells. This is because Griffith observed that when heat-killed S-strain pneumococcal bacteria were mixed with live R-strain bacteria, the mouse injected with the mixture died. This indicated that the heat-killed S strain had transferred some genetic material to the R strain bacteria, transforming them into virulent S strain bacteria.
This transformation was the first direct evidence of bacterial genetic material being transferred from one strain to another, leading to the discovery of genetic transformation. In the blood samples from the mouse in D, living S cells were found, indicating that the genetic material from the heat-killed S strain had been taken up by the R-strain bacteria and transformed into S-strain bacteria. This result provided a basis for the study of genetic transformation and played a significant role in the discovery of DNA as the genetic material.
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Scientists have studied the return of plant life on Mount St. Helens ever since the volcano erupted in
1980. Wildflowers began colonizing the area, followed by shrubs and small trees. Scientists predict
that it will likely take hundreds of years before the area returns to a forest dominated by fir and
hemlock trees. These changes are an example of:
a. humans degrading an ecosystem by removing wildflowers
b. the loss of genetic variation in a plant species
C. the growth of a forest through ecological succession
d. the biological evolution of wildflowers, shrubs, and trees
Answer:
C.
The ecosystem there will definitely go through ecological succession by which the structure of the flora there will evolve over time into forests.