Answer:
8 + n
Step-by-step explanation:
I’m not sure if I understood the question all the way
the answer is -2 i think boiiiii
Classify the polynomial 2q⁹.
Trinomial
Monomial
Binomial
None of these
The polynomial 2q⁹ is monomial.A polynomial can have one or more terms, whereas a monomial, binomial, trinomial, and a trinomial all have one term each.
What category does a polynomial fall under?By the degree of the polynomial, polynomials can be categorized. A polynomial's degree is equal to the highest degree term in the polynomial. Consequently, the result of 2x3+3x2+8x+5 is 3, or 3. When terms are organized in a polynomial from greatest to lowest degree, it is said to be expressed in standard form.A polynomial can have one or more terms, whereas a monomial, binomial, trinomial, and a trinomial all have one term each.The polynomial 2q⁹ is monomial.A polynomial can have one or more terms, whereas a monomial, binomial, trinomial, and a trinomial all have one term each.To learn more about polynomial refer to:
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Evaluate.
(-5)3 =
this is needed fast pls
Answer:
The answer is -15
Step-by-step explanation:
(-5)3 is the same as -5 × 3
Answer:
The answer is -15-5 x 3 = -15
When given a line such as y + 2 = 1/2 (x + 20), how do I find the slope intercept form?
Given the equation of the line:
\(y+2=\frac{1}{2}(x+20)\)The slope-intercept form is: y = m * x + b
Where (m) is the slope
So, we will solve the given equation for (y)
\(\begin{gathered} y+2=\frac{1}{2}\cdot x+\frac{1}{2}\cdot20 \\ y+2=\frac{1}{2}x+10 \\ y=\frac{1}{2}x+10-2 \\ \\ y=\frac{1}{2}x+8 \end{gathered}\)so, the answer will be the slope-intercept form:
\(y=\frac{1}{2}x+8\)Show that the process X(t):=e t/2
cos(W(t)),0≤t≤T, is a martingale w.r.t. any filtration for Brownian motion and represent it as an Itô process on any time interval [0,T],T>0.
A stochastic process X(t) is called a martingale if the expected value of X(t) given all information available up to and including time s is equal to the value of X(s).
Thus, to show that the process X(t):=e^(t/2)cos(W(t)), 0 ≤ t ≤ T is a martingale w.r.t. any filtration for Brownian motion, we need to prove that E(X(t)|F_s) = X(s), where F_s is the sigma-algebra of all events up to time s.
As X(t) is of the form e^(t/2)cos(W(t)), we can use Itô's lemma to obtain the differential form:dX = e^(t/2)cos(W(t))dW - 1/2 e^(t/2)sin(W(t))dt
Taking the expectation on both sides of this equation gives:E(dX) = E(e^(t/2)cos(W(t))dW) - 1/2 E(e^(t/2)sin(W(t))dt)Now, as E(dW) = 0 and E(dW^2) = dt, the first term of the right-hand side vanishes.
For the second term, we can use the fact that sin(W(t)) is independent of F_s and therefore can be taken outside the conditional expectation:
E(dX) = - 1/2 E(e^(t/2)sin(W(t)))dt = 0Since dX is zero-mean, it follows that X(t) is a martingale w.r.t. any filtration for Brownian motion.
Now, let's represent X(t) as an Itô process on the interval [0,T]. Applying Itô's lemma to X(t) gives:
dX = e^(t/2)cos(W(t))dW - 1/2 e^(t/2)sin(W(t))dt= dM + 1/2 e^(t/2)sin(W(t))dt
where M is a martingale with M(0) = 0.
Thus, X(t) can be represented as an Itô process on [0,T] of the form:
X(t) = M(t) + ∫₀ᵗ 1/2 e^(s/2)sin(W(s))ds
Hence, we have shown that X(t) is a martingale w.r.t. any filtration for Brownian motion and represented it as an Itô process on any time interval [0,T], T > 0.
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I could not understand problems 16 and 17 pleas help.
A study was conducted to determine the percent of children that want to grow up work in the same career as a parent. In a sample of 200 children, it was calculated that 43% wanted to eventually work in the same career as a parent. Construct the 95% confidence interval for the population proportion. Proposed Solution: phạt = 0.43/200 = 0.00215 phat - qnorm(1.95/2)*sqrt(phat*(1-phat)/200) = -0.00426926 phat + qnorm(1.95/2)*sqrt(phat*(1-phat)/200) = 0.00856926 [-0.0043, 0.0086) What is wrong with the proposed solution? A. phat was already provided, so dividing that value by the sample size is incorrect B. For a 95% confidence level, the z* is calculated by qnorm(0.95). C. You cannot use "phat" in an R Studio command. The decimal must be written D. You cannot have negative values as one of the limits on your interval. This should be made positive. E. The proposed solution is correct.
Previous question
The correct answer is B. For a 95% confidence level, the z* value should be calculated using qnorm(0.975).
The proposed solution to construct a 95% confidence interval for the population proportion has several errors. Let's review each of them in detail:
A. phat was already provided, so dividing that value by the sample size is incorrect:
This is incorrect because phat represents the sample proportion, which is the point estimate of the population proportion. The sample proportion alone is not enough to estimate the variability of the sample proportion, which is required to construct a confidence interval. Therefore, we need to divide phat by the sample size to obtain the standard error of the sample proportion.
B. For a 95% confidence level, the z* is calculated by qnorm(0.95):
This is incorrect because a 95% confidence level corresponds to a 1.96 standard error for a two-tailed test, not a 1.645 standard error. Therefore, we need to use qnorm(0.975) or qnorm(1 - 0.025) to find the z* value.
C. You cannot use "phat" in an R Studio command. The decimal must be written:
This is incorrect because "phat" is a valid R Studio command that represents the sample proportion. However, it is important to define this variable beforehand to avoid any errors.
D. You cannot have negative values as one of the limits on your interval. This should be made positive:
This is correct. A confidence interval cannot have negative values as limits since proportions must be between 0 and 1. Therefore, we need to take the absolute value of the lower limit.
E. The proposed solution is correct:
This is incorrect, as discussed above. The correct solution should use the formula:
phat +/- z* * sqrt(phat*(1-phat)/n)
where phat = 0.43, n = 200, and z* is the critical value of the standard normal distribution corresponding to a 95% confidence level, which is approximately 1.96. Therefore, the correct 95% confidence interval is:
0.43 +/- 1.96 * sqrt(0.43*(1-0.43)/200) = (0.369, 0.491).
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A. Function A is linear and Function B is exponential.
B. Function A is exponential and Function B is linear.
C. Both functions are linear.
D. Both functions are exponential.
Type your solutions into this document and be sure to show all steps for arriving at your solution. Just giving a final number may not receive full credit. PROBLEM 1 A 125-page document is being printed by five printers. Each page will be printed exactly once. (a) Suppose that there are no restrictions on how many pages a printer can print. How many ways are there for the 125 pages to be assigned to the five printers? One possible combination: printer A prints out pages 2-50, printer B prints out pages 1 and 51-60, printer
The number of ways there for the 125 pages to be assigned to the four printers = 5^125 ways.
As per the question,
A 125-page document is being printed by four printers.
Each page will be printed exactly once.
There are no restrictions on how many pages a printer can print.
One of the possible combinations is that printer A prints out pages 2-50, printer B prints out pages 1 and 51-60, printer C prints out 61-80 and 86-90 and printer D prints out pages 81-85 and 91-100.
Since, there are no restrictions in printing the pages any printer cannot print even a single page and any printer can print all 125 pages. To print 100 pages we have four printers.
⇒ Number of possible ways a single paper can be assigned to the four printers = 4 ways
⇒ Number of possible ways 125 pages can be assigned to the four printers
= 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 .................... 5 ( a total of 125 terms )
= ways.
Therefore, In ways we can assign 125 pages to four printers with no restrictions.
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In BINGO, a $5\times5$ card is filled by marking the middle square as WILD and placing 24 other numbers in the remaining 24 squares. Specifically a card is made by placing 5 numbers from the set $1-15$ in the first column, 5 numbers from $16-30$ in the second column, 4 numbers $31-45$ in the third column (skipping the WILD square in the middle), 5 numbers from $46-60$ in the fourth column and 5 numbers from $61-75$ in the last column. One possible BINGO card is: To play BINGO, someone names numbers, chosen at random, and players mark those numbers on their cards. A player wins when he marks 5 in a row, horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. How many distinct possibilities are there for the values in the diagonal going from top left to the bottom right of a BINGO card, in order?
5 16 35 46 75
4 17 34 47 76
3 18 wild 48 73
2 19 32 49 72
1 20 31 50 71
There are a total of $15^5 = 759,375$ distinct possibilities for the values in the diagonal going from top left to the bottom right of a BINGO card, in order.
To find the number of distinct possibilities for the values in the diagonal going from top left to the bottom right of a BINGO card, we need to consider the range of numbers that can be placed in the diagonal.
In the given BINGO card, the diagonal starts with the number 5 in the top left corner and ends with the number 71 in the bottom right corner. We can see that the numbers in the diagonal follow a pattern:
5, 17, 32, 49, 71
We can analyze this pattern to find the number of distinct possibilities.
- The first number, 5, can be any number from the set $1-15$.
- The second number, 17, can be any number from the set $16-30$.
- The third number, 32, can be any number from the set $31-45$.
- The fourth number, 49, can be any number from the set $46-60$.
- The fifth number, 71, can be any number from the set $61-75$.
To find the number of distinct possibilities, we multiply the number of choices for each position:
15 choices for the first number × 15 choices for the second number × 15 choices for the third number × 15 choices for the fourth number × 15 choices for the fifth number
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Delta Symbol and its Meaning in Maths
Answer: The delta symbol (Δ) is commonly used in mathematics to represent a change or difference. The meaning of the delta symbol depends on the context in which it is used.
Change in a quantity: In this context, Δ is used to represent the change in a quantity between two values. For example, if we have a function f(x) and we want to find the change in its value between two points x1 and x2, we can use the expression:
Δf = f(x2) - f(x1)
This represents the difference in the function value between the two points.
Increment: In calculus, Δx is often used to represent a small increment in the variable x. This is used to calculate derivatives and integrals. For example, if we have a function y = f(x), then we can approximate the derivative of y with respect to x as:
dy/dx ≈ (f(x+Δx) - f(x)) / Δx
where Δx is a small increment in x.
Laplace operator: In vector calculus, Δ is used to represent the Laplace operator, which is a second-order partial differential operator. It is used to find solutions to partial differential equations.
Indicating a difference: In certain branches of mathematics, Δ can be used to represent a difference or a distance between two objects. For example, in graph theory, Δ(G) is used to represent the maximum degree of a vertex in a graph G.
The meaning of Δ in mathematics can vary depending on the context in which it is used. However, in general, it is used to represent a change or difference.
Step-by-step explanation:
Find a unit vector in the direction of the given vector.
v = 9i − 6j
Given:
The given vector is:
\(v=9i-6j\)
To find:
The unit vector in the direction of the given vector.
Solution:
If a vector is \(v=ai+bj\), then the unit vector in the direction of the this vector is
\(\hat v=\dfrac{v}{|v|}\)
Where, \(|v|=\sqrt{a^2+b^2\)
We have,
\(v=9i-6j\)
Here, \(a=9\) and \(b=-6\). So,
\(|v|=\sqrt{9^2+(-6)^2}\)
\(|v|=\sqrt{81+36}\)
\(|v|=\sqrt{117}\)
\(|v|=3\sqrt{13}\)
Now, the unit vector in the direction of the given vector is:
\(\hat v=\dfrac{9i-6j}{3\sqrt{13}}\)
\(\hat v=\dfrac{9i}{3\sqrt{13}}-\dfrac{6j}{3\sqrt{13}}\)
\(\hat v=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13}}i-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}j\)
Therefore, the required unit vector is \(\hat v=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{13}}i-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{13}}j\).
A woman wishes to wrap a cylinderical Cake made for a wedding. If the Cake is 10cm high, and 30cm in diameter. Calculate the size of the wrapping paper required by the woman.
The woman would need approximately 750π cm² of wrapping paper to cover the cylindrical cake.
The surface area of a cylinder consists of two circular bases and the lateral surface area. The formula for the lateral surface area of a cylinder is given by 2πrh, where r is the radius and h is the height of the cylinder.
In this case, the cake has a diameter of 30cm, which means the radius is half of the diameter, so r = 15cm. The height of the cake is given as 10cm, so h = 10cm.
Substituting these values into the formula, we have:
Lateral surface area = 2πrh = 2π(15cm)(10cm) = 300π cm²
The circular bases of the cylinder also need to be covered, and each base has an area of πr².
Circular base area = πr² = π(15cm)² = 225π cm²
To find the total size of the wrapping paper required, we add the lateral surface area and the two circular base areas:
Total wrapping paper size = Lateral surface area + 2(Circular base area) = 300π cm² + 2(225π cm²) = 750π cm².
Therefore, the woman would need approximately 750π cm² of wrapping paper to cover the cylindrical cake.
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Adam spent $25 for 5 pizzas how much money does he need to buy 7 pizzas
$35
He would need $35 to buy 7 pizzas because if you divide 25 and 5, you would get 5.
5+5+5+5+5+5+5=35
5x7=35
Answer:
$35
Step-by-step explanation:
So basically to find the unit price we need to craft an equation. Lets imagine one pizza is p.
We can craft this equation:
5p = 25
Divide both sides by 5
p = 5
How we just multiply that unit price by 7 to get 35, which is the answer
I put a lot of thought and effort into my answers, so I would really appreciate a Brainliest!
Question
The manufacturer of pencils spends $0.05 to make each pencil and sells them for 0.25. The manufacturer also has fixed
costs each month of $2000.
Find the revenue function R when x pencils are manufactured.
Answer:C(x) = 2000+ 0.05 x
Step-by-step explanation: Cost (C) = fixed cost + (cost per pencil x number of pencils)
Since:
Fixed cost: $2000
Cost per pencil : $0.05
Replacing with the values given:
C(x) = 2000+ 0.05 x
Where x is the number of pencils manufactured.
Feel free to ask for more if needed or if you did not understand something.
Use the following matrices to perform the operation, if possible. (If not possible, enter IMPOSSIBLE into any cell of the matrix.) C=[5 3], [ 1 2]D=[4 8] ,[5,9] Find 4C+2D.
The final answer is:
4C+2D = [28 28]
[14 26]
To find 4C+2D, we first need to multiply the matrices C and D by their respective scalars, 4 and 2. Then, we add the resulting matrices together.
First, let's multiply matrix C by 4:
4C = 4[5 3] = [20 12]
[1 2] [ 4 8]
Next, let's multiply matrix D by 2:
2D = 2[4 8] = [ 8 16]
[5 9] [10 18]
Now, we can add the resulting matrices together:
4C+2D = [20 12] + [ 8 16] = [28 28]
[ 4 8] [10 18] [14 26]
So, the final answer is:
4C+2D = [28 28]
[14 26]
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.
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Prove each of the following statements using strong induction. a. Prove that any amount of postage worth 8 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 5-cent stamps. b. Prove that any amount of postage worth 24 cents or more can be made from 7-cent or 5-cent stamps. c. Prove that any amount of postage worth 12 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 7-cent stamps.
a) By strong induction, any amount of postage worth 8 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 5-cent stamps.
b) By strong induction, any amount of postage worth 24 cents or more can be made from 7-cent or 5-cent stamps.
c) By strong induction, any amount of postage worth 12 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 7-cent stamps.
a. Prove that any amount of postage worth 8 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 5-cent stamps.
Base case: For postage worth 8 cents, we can use two 4-cent stamps, which can be made using a combination of one 3-cent stamp and one 5-cent stamp.
Induction hypothesis: Assume that any amount of postage worth k cents or less, where k is greater than or equal to 8, can be made from 3-cent or 5-cent stamps.
Induction step: Consider any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents. Since k is greater than or equal to 8, we can use the induction hypothesis to make k cents using 3-cent or 5-cent stamps. Then, we can add one more stamp to make (k+1) cents. If the last stamp we added was a 3-cent stamp, we can replace it with a 5-cent stamp to get the same value. If the last stamp we added was a 5-cent stamp, we can replace it with two 3-cent stamps to get the same value. Therefore, any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents can be made from 3-cent or 5-cent stamps.
b. Prove that any amount of postage worth 24 cents or more can be made from 7-cent or 5-cent stamps.
Base case: For postage worth 24 cents, we can use three 8-cent stamps, which can be made using a combination of one 7-cent stamp and one 5-cent stamp.
Induction hypothesis: Assume that any amount of postage worth k cents or less, where k is greater than or equal to 24, can be made from 7-cent or 5-cent stamps.
Induction step: Consider any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents. Since k is greater than or equal to 24, we can use the induction hypothesis to make k cents using 7-cent or 5-cent stamps. Then, we can add one more stamp to make (k+1) cents. If the last stamp we added was a 5-cent stamp, we can replace it with two 7-cent stamps to get the same value. If the last stamp we added was a 7-cent stamp, we can replace it with three 5-cent stamps to get the same value. Therefore, any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents can be made from 7-cent or 5-cent stamps.
c. Prove that any amount of postage worth 12 cents or more can be made from 3-cent or 7-cent stamps.
Base case: For postage worth 12 cents, we can use one 3-cent stamp and three 3-cent stamps, which can be made using a combination of two 7-cent stamps.
Induction hypothesis: Assume that any amount of postage worth k cents or less, where k is greater than or equal to 12, can be made from 3-cent or 7-cent stamps.
Induction step: Consider any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents. Since k is greater than or equal to 12, we can use the induction hypothesis to make k cents using 3-cent or 7-cent stamps. Then, we can add one more stamp to make (k+1) cents. If the last stamp we added was a 3-cent stamp, we can replace it with two 7-cent stamps to get the same value. If the last stamp we added was a 7-cent stamp, we can replace it with one 3-cent stamp and two 7-cent stamps to get the same value. Therefore, any amount of postage worth (k+1) cents can be made from 3
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In the image below, which objects would have a greater gravitational force between them, Objects A and B, or Objects B and C? Give one supporting detail for your answer. (4 points) Three circles labeled Object A, Object B, and Object C. A is on the left, B is in the center and C is on the right. A and C are each the same distance away from B. A has a mass of 10 kg, B has a mass of 30 kg, and C has a mass of 30 kg.
The objects that will have a greater force between them are Objects B and C
How to explain the gravitational force?Gravitational Force between two objects with masses of m₁ and m₂ is given by the formula: F = Gm₁m₂/r²
where;
G is the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11 m³ s⁻² kg⁻¹)
r is the distance between the two objects
F is the magnitude of the force between the objects.
Objects B and C will have greater force between them because the distance r between A and B is the same as the distance between B and C. But the product of the masses of Objects B and C is much greater than that of the product of the masses of Objects A and B.
Gravitational Force is always directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two objects.
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Please help me as soon as possible!
Thank you in advance!
Answer:
A) 15
Step-by-step explanation:
a = 3 b = 5 c = 7
a + b + c
3 + 5 + 7 = 15
Answer:
I believe it is A 15
Step-by-step explanation:
a train travels along a horizontal line according to the function s(t)=8t3 3t2 2t 4 where t is measured in hours and s is measured in miles. what is the velocity function v(t)?
The velocity function v(t) for the train traveling along a horizontal line is v(t) = 24t^2 - 6t + 2.
To get the velocity function v(t) for a train traveling along a horizontal line according to the position function s(t) = 8t^3 - 3t^2 + 2t + 4, you'll need to take the derivative of the position function with respect to time t.
Step 1: Differentiate the position function s(t) with respect to time t.
v(t) = ds(t)/dt = d(8t^3 - 3t^2 + 2t + 4)/dt
Step 2: Apply the power rule to each term.
v(t) = 3(8t^2) - 2(3t) + 2
Step 3: Simplify the expression.
v(t) = 24t^2 - 6t + 2
So, the velocity function v(t) for the train traveling along a horizontal line is v(t) = 24t^2 - 6t + 2.
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Divide. Give the quotient and remainder. 24 ÷ 7
Answer:
=3 и остаток 3
Step-by-step explanation:
Answer:
quotient:3 remainder:3
If a previous result was an error and we now have the corrected result, what must we do with the old result
When a previous result is found to be an error and a corrected result is obtained, it is important to appropriately handle and document the old result. Here are some steps to consider:
1. Acknowledge the error: Clearly identify and acknowledge that the previous result was incorrect. It is important to be transparent and honest about the mistake.
2. Retract or correct the old result: Communicate the error and provide the corrected result. This can be done through formal channels, such as retracting a publication or notifying relevant parties about the correction. Make sure the corrected information reaches the appropriate audience.
3. Provide an explanation: Offer an explanation of why the error occurred. Was it a calculation mistake, data entry error, or any other factor that led to the incorrect result? Providing an explanation can help prevent similar errors in the future and maintain trust in the accuracy of your work.
4. Update relevant documentation: Update any reports, documents, or records that include the old result. Ensure that the corrected result is reflected in all relevant materials to avoid confusion and provide accurate information to others who may refer to those documents.
5. Learn from the mistake: Take the opportunity to learn from the error and implement measures to prevent similar mistakes in the future. This may include double-checking calculations, implementing quality control processes, or seeking feedback and review from colleagues.
By acknowledging the error, correcting the result, and taking steps to prevent similar mistakes in the future, you can maintain integrity and trust in your work.
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My hair grows 6 inches per year, continuous or discrete?
Answer:
bruh
Step-by-step explanation:
The city of London, England, has an
elevation of 11 meters.
Which of these describes the elevation
of London?
below sea level
at sea level
above sea level
Answer:
above sea level
Step-by-step explanation:
yo please help me on this i’ll give u a brainliest
Answer:
H=3m
Step-by-step explanation:
Volume of cylinder=pir^2h
75pi=pi5^2h
75/25=h
h=3
Answer:
The height is 3 m.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for the volume of a cylinder is V=πr^2h, where V is the volume, r is the radius and h is the height.
We are given r, the radius, and the volume, so all we need to do is plug it into the formula and solve for h, our height.
V=πr^2h
Substitute V for 75π and r for 5
75π=π5^2h
Square 5
75π=25πh
Divide by 25π on both sides
3=h
3 m is the height.
I need help
Which of the following is an irrational number?
PLEASE HURRY Question 5 Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(06.01)A scatter plot is shown:
7
6
5
4
3
.
1
o
0 1
2
What type of association does the graph show between x and y?
Linear positive association
Nonlinear positive association
Linear negative association
Nonlinear negative association
Answer:
linear positive association
Step-by-step explanation:
The scatter plot's are going at an upwards slant which makes it positive.
The type of correlation shown in the scatter plot is a linear positive correlation
What is correlation?Correlation is a statistical tool that is used to determine the relationship between two variables.
The types of correlation that we have are:
Positive correlationNegative ccorrelationZero or no correlationThe type of correlation shown in the scatter plot is a positive correlation since it moves upwards towards the positive side of the graph in a straight line
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A store owner wants to know if he sells more water or sports drinks. He records the number of sales for both products. What is the data gathering technique used?
A observational study
B voluntary survey
C randomized survey
D experiment
its A ma am
i know this because i did it
how many liters of 20% alcohol solution should be added to 40 liters of a 50% alcohol solution to make a 30% solution?
To make a 30% alcohol solution, you would need to add 20 liters of 20% alcohol solution to 40 liters of 50% percentage alcohol solution.
50 liters of 50% alcohol solution = 50 liters x 0.50 = 25 liters of pure alcohol
40 liters of 50% alcohol solution = 40 liters x 0.50 = 20 liters of pure alcohol
Total pure alcohol = 25 liters + 20 liters = 45 liters
Required pure alcohol to make a 30% solution = 30 liters
Difference in pure alcohol = 30 liters - 45 liters = -15 liters
Add 20% alcohol solution to make up the difference = -15 liters/0.20 = 75 liters of 20% alcohol solution.
Therefore, 75 liters of 20% alcohol solution should be added to 40 liters of a 50% alcohol solution to make a 30% percentage solution.
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unit 7 polygons and quadrilaterals test answers
The polygons and quadrilaterals are discussed above.
What is a 2 - D shape?A two dimensional shape is a collection of points enclosed by a one dimensional line.
Given are the polygons and quadrilaterals.
Since the polygons and quadrilaterals are not given , we will learn about their respective properties.
Polygons →In geometry, a polygon can be defined as a flat or plane, two-dimensional closed shape bounded with straight sides. It does not have curved sides. The sides of a polygon are also called its edges. The points where two sides meet are the vertices (or corners) of a polygon.
The sum of interior angles of a polygon with “n” sides = 180°(n-2).Number of diagonals of a “n-sided” polygon = [n(n-3)]/2. The measure of interior angles of a regular n-sided polygon = [(n-2)180°]/n.Quadrilaterals →Quadrilateral is a polygon that has 4 straight sides and 4 angles.
Area : ½ x diagonal x (sum of perpendicular heights)Perimeter : sum of sides of the quadrilateralNumber of vertices : 4Number of edges : 4Internal angle : 90° (for square and rectangle)Sum of interior angles : 360°Therefore, the polygons and quadrilaterals are discussed above.
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if p = 2^k + 1 is prime, show that every quadratic nonresidue of p is a primitive root of p.
Every quadratic nonresidue of p is a primitive root of p, when p = 2^k + 1 is primeIf p = 2^k + 1 is a prime number, we want to show that every quadratic nonresidue of p is a primitive root of p.
In other words, we aim to prove that if an element x is a quadratic nonresidue modulo p, then it is also a primitive root of p.
Let's assume p = 2^k + 1 is a prime number. To prove that every quadratic nonresidue of p is a primitive root of p, we can use the properties of quadratic residues and quadratic nonresidues.
A quadratic residue modulo p is an element y such that y^((p-1)/2) ≡ 1 (mod p), while a quadratic nonresidue is an element x such that x^((p-1)/2) ≡ -1 (mod p).
Now, let's consider an element x that is a quadratic nonresidue modulo p. We want to show that x is a primitive root of p.
Since x is a quadratic nonresidue, we know that x^((p-1)/2) ≡ -1 (mod p). By Euler's criterion, this implies that x^((p-1)/2) ≡ -1^((p-1)/2) ≡ -1^2 ≡ 1 (mod p).
Since x^((p-1)/2) ≡ 1 (mod p), we can conclude that the order of x modulo p is at least (p-1)/2. However, since p = 2^k + 1 is a prime, the order of x modulo p must be equal to (p-1)/2.
By definition, a primitive root of p has an order of (p-1). Since the order of x modulo p is (p-1)/2, it follows that x is a primitive root of p.
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