Which subatomic particles are included when calculating
an atom's atomic mass? *

D. 1,1,2,1

Equalization of chemical reactions can be done using variables. Steps in equalizing the reaction equation:  

Reaction(unbalanced)

Zn+K₂CrO₄ ⇒ K + ZnCrO₄

Give coefficient

aZn+K₂CrO₄ ⇒ bK + cZnCrO₄

Zn, left=a, right=c⇒a=c

K, left=2, right=b⇒b=2

Cr, left=1, right=c⇒c=1⇒a=1

O,left=4,right=4c⇒4c=4⇒c=1

Reaction(balanced0

Zn+K₂CrO₄ ⇒ 2K + ZnCrO₄

Answer:

Precipitates indication release of gas

Or just vapor-again indictaing release of gas

Change in melting/boiling point, change in pH

Change in temperature

Answer:

Explanation:

these signs show that the chemical reaction has taken place.

Answer:

cis-2-pentene

Explanation : The stereoisomers are the compound which differs only in the spatial arrangement of the atoms across the stereogenic centers.

There are mainly two forms of stereoisomers cis and trans. Cis-isomers are those where the two bulky or functional groups are arranged on the same side across the stereogenic center; whereas, in trans-isomers the two bulky groups or functional groups are arranged in the opposite sides of stereogenic center.

Answer:

The theoretical yield of carbon dioxide formed is 68.4 grams CO2

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Liquid octane = C8H18

gaseous oxygen gas = O2

gaseous carbon dioxide = CO2

gaseous water = H2O

Mass of octane = 27.4 grams

Molar mass of octane = 114.23 g/mol

Mass of oxygen = 77.8 grams

Molar mass of oxygen = 32.0 g/mol

Step 2: The reaction

2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) → 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)

Step 3: Calculate number of moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles of octane = 27.4 grams / 114.23 g/mol

Moles of octane = 0.240 moles

Moles of oxygen = 77.8 grams / 32.0 g/mol

Moles of oxygen = 2.43 moles

Step 4: Calculate the moles of the products

For 2 moles of octane we need 25 moles of O2 to produce 16 moles of CO2 and 18 moles H2O

O2 is the limiting reactant. It will completely react. (2.43 moles).

There will react 2.43/12.5 = 0.194 moles

There will remain 0.240 - 0.194 =  0.046 moles of octane.

There will be produced:

16/25 * 2.43 = 1.555 moles of CO2

18/25 * 2.43 = 1.750 moles of H2O

This is:

1.56 moles * 44.01 g/mol = 68.4 grams CO2

1.750 moles * 18.02 g/mol = 31.5 grams H2O

The theoretical yield of carbon dioxide formed is 68.4 grams CO2

The absorption spectrum is used to determine the wavelength of a substance.

Electromagnetic radiation consists of different radiations of different frequency. The wavelengths of these radiations also differ from each other. When white light is allowed to pass through a medium it gets split into different radiations having different frequencies and wavelengths. These radiations interact with the molecules and matter present in the air and these radiations absorb energy and reach a higher energy level. If the higher energy levels are unstable, then they emit energy to reach to their ground state. This series of emissions and absorptions form a spectra known as the Absorption Spectra or Absorption Spectrum.

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Increasing the volume of the solution decreases the concentration of the hydrogen ions which subsequently increases the pH;  hence, increasing volume will increase the pH.

Higher is the concentration of H plus ions, more acidic is the solution and  lower the concentration of H plus ions, the less acidic is the solution. Basic strength of a solution depends on the concentration of OH minus ions.

When an acid and alkali react together, they produce salt and water. Acid + alkali → salt + water . As you know, water is neutral, so the acid alkali come together to neutralize each other to make pH 7.

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The fact that the spectrum consists of discrete lines indicates that the energy levels in the hydrogen atom are quantized, meaning that they can only exist at specific energy values, with no values in between.

What is Emission?

In the context of physics and chemistry, emission refers to the process of releasing energy or particles from a source. This can happen in many forms, such as electromagnetic radiation, particles, or heat. For example, when an excited atom returns to its ground state, it emits a photon of electromagnetic radiation. Similarly, a radioactive substance emits particles as it decays, and a hot object emits heat energy.

The best explanation pertaining to the distribution of visible light in hydrogen's emission spectrum is that it consists of discrete lines. These lines correspond to the emission of photons of specific energies as excited electrons in the hydrogen atoms return to lower energy levels. Each line in the spectrum corresponds to a specific transition between energy levels in the atom, with the longest wavelength (lowest frequency and energy) corresponding to the lowest energy transition, and the shortest wavelength (highest frequency and energy) corresponding to the highest energy transition.

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A titration curve is a plot of titrant volume on the x-axis and pH on the y-axis.

What is a titration curve?

Titration is often plotted on a graph called a titration curve. This graph usually contains the titrant volume as the independent variable and the pH of the solution as the dependent variable. The equivalence point on the graph is where all the starting solution has been neutralized by the titrant.

What is a titrant volume?

Reagents, called titrants or titrators, are prepared as standard solutions. A titrant of known concentration and volume reacts with the analyte solution or titrant to determine the concentration. The amount of titrant converted is called titer.

Therefore, A titration curve is a plot of titrant volume on the x-axis and pH on the y-axis.

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The two electrodes for a voltaic cell are cathode and anode or cathode is a positive charge and anode is a negative charge.

An electrode is a nonmetallic component of a circuit that serves as an electrical conductor (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum, or air). Batteries must have electrodes, which can be made of a variety of materials depending on the battery type.

The electrode through which regular current flows into a non-metallic cell in an electrochemical cell (battery) is known as the anode. The electrons then move to the battery's other side.

It is the positive electrode, which means that electrons enter the electrochemical cell's non-metallic portion through the cathode in the electrical circuit. The reduction reaction occurs at the cathode when the oxidizing agent absorbs the electrons that arrive from the wire linked to the cathode.

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In the balanced chemical equation of combustion of ethane we can see that 2moles of ethane reacts with 7 moles of oxygen to form 4 moles of CO2 and 6 moles of water.

A balanced chemical equation has number atoms of each element equal on both left and right sides of the reaction that is on both product and reactant side. This is according to Law of Conservation of Mass, mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, by releasing energy in the form of light and heat. Combustion reactions usually involves O2 as one reactant.

Below is the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethane.

\(2C_{2}H_{6}\) + \(7O_{2}\) → \(4CO_{2}\) + \(6H_{2}O\)

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Calculate the proportion of excess reagent eaten from the earth's weight of element or compound provided to determine the amount of surplus reactant that is still present.

A reversible reaction can be converted more often by using one of the reaction mixture in excess. Due to the Le Create a win - win principle, if too much reactant is applied, the reaction balance will change in favour of the products.

The limiting reagent is the substance that will completely disappear during a pharmacological reaction. If that reactant is used up, the reaction cannot go on. Hence, it stops the reaction from escalating. The additional reagent would also have kept reacting if the other reactivity hadn't been consumed.

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Answer:

D. Through electromagnetic discharges.

Explanation:

The α‑ketoacid or the α‑ carboxylic acid are the organic compounds that are the characterize the presence of a keto group at the position of α- in carboxylic acid functional group.

The common name of the α‑ketoacid resulting from the transamination of each amino acid is given as follows :

1) alanine + α‑ketoglutarate --->  pyruvate

2) aspartate + α‑ketoglutarate ----> oxaloacetate

3) glutamate + α‑ketoglutarate  ----->  α‑ketoglutarate

4) phenylalanine  + α‑ketoglutarate ------>   phenylpyruvate

5) tyrosine  + α‑ketoglutarate  ----->  p - hydroxyphenyl pyruvate

The amino acids are the organic compounds which contain both the groups the amino acid and the carboxylic acid groups.

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Answer:

Q = 63.9 kJ

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of ice, m = 300 g

We need to find the heat needed to heat the given amount of ice at -5.00°C into steam at 100.°C

The specific heat of ice, c = 2.03 J/g °C

The formula for heat needed is given by :

\(Q=mc\Delta T\\\\Q=300\times 2.03\times (100-(-5))\\\\Q=63945\ J\\\\Q=63.9\ kJ\)

So, 63.9 kJ of heat is needed.

The empirical formula for the substance, given the data from the question is H₂O

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

We can determine the empirical formula for the substance as shown below:

Divide by their molar mass

H = 11.190 / 1 = 11.190

O = 88.810 / 16 = 5.551

Divide by the smallest

H = 11.190 / 5.551 = 2

O = 5.551 / 5.551 = 1

Thus, the empirical formula for the substance that is most abundant in the human body is H₂O

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0.112 L CO₂ is the volume of carbon dioxide.

Glucose ferments decompose to form the ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Balanced equation :  C₆H₁₂O₆  ----> 2C₂H₅OH (aq) + 2CO₂ (g)

By using formula, M= m/n

Where,

M⇒ Molar mass

m⇒ Mass of a substance (in grams)

n⇒ Number of moles of a substance

The molar mass (M) of C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq) ⇒180.156 g/mol

Calculating the moles(n) of C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) .

n ⇒ m/M

m ⇒ mass ⇒ 0.9 C₆H₁₂O₆

M ⇒ molar mass

n ⇒180.156g/mol C₆H₁₂O₆

n ⇒ 0.9g C₆H₁₂O₆/ 180.156 g/mol

n⇒ 0.005 mol C₆H₁₂O₆

Calculating moles(m) of CO₂ :

m⇒0.005 mol CaCO₃× (1 mol CO₂/1 mol  C₆H₁₂O₆)

m⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂

At STP of 273.15 K (0°C) and 1 atm, the molar volume of a gas is 22.414 L/mol.

Calculating volume of CO₂ :

Multiply the mole CO₂ by the molar volume to get the volume of CO₂ in liters.

⇒ 0.005 mol CO₂× 22.414 L/mol

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  to three significant figures

Converting volume CO₂ in L to mL.

⇒ 0.112 L CO₂ × 1000 mL/L

⇒ 112.07 mL CO₂

Volume of CO₂ ⇒ 0.112 L CO₂  or 112.07 mL CO₂

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Nitrogen fixation is a process that makes nitrogen available to plants and is carried out by  microorganisms.  specifically bacteria and some archaea.

Nitrogen fixation is a biological process that converts atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into a form that can be utilized by plants and other organisms. This conversion is necessary because atmospheric nitrogen is relatively inert and cannot be directly utilized by most organisms.

The process of nitrogen fixation is primarily carried out by certain microorganisms, specifically bacteria and some archaea. These nitrogen-fixing microorganisms possess enzymes called nitrogenases, which enable them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia (NH₃) or ammonium (NH₄⁺). This conversion occurs in specialized structures called nodules, which are typically found in the roots of leguminous plants, such as beans, peas, and clover.

The nitrogen-fixing microorganisms establish a symbiotic relationship with the host plants. They receive carbohydrates from the plants while providing them with a source of nitrogen in the form of ammonia or ammonium. This process is vital for enriching the soil with nitrogen and ensuring the availability of this essential nutrient for plant growth and development.

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Complete question:

nitrogen fixation is a process that makes nitrogen available to plants and is carried out by ____

Answer:

THE VOLUME OF 32 g OF NO GAS AT 3.12 atm AND 18 °C IS 79.30 L

Explanation:

Mass = 32 g

Pressure = 3.12 atm

Temperature = 18 °C = 18 + 273 K=  291 K

Molar mass of gas NO = (14 + 16) = 30 g/mol

Gas constant = 0.82 L atm mol^-1 K^-1  

Volume = unknown

                    Using PV = nRT where: number of moles = mass / molar mass

PV = m RT / MM

V  = mRT / MM P

V = 32 *0.82 * 291 / 30 * 3.21

V = 7635.84 / 96.3

V = 79.30 L

The volume of 32 g NO gas at 3.21 atm and 18 °C is 79.30 L

Answer:

an energy level represents the three dimensional space surrounding nucleus where electrons are most likely to be.

Explanation:

The physical quantity used to qualitatively assess if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic in calorimetry is heat.

Measurements of heat transferred to or from a substance are determined using calorimetry.

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The physical quantity used to qualitatively assess if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic in calorimetry is heat.

Measurements of heat transferred to or from a substance are determined using calorimetry.

Characteristics of endothermic reaction:

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Answer:

You need to dissolve 16.988 g of AgNO3 in enough water to make a final volume of 1.0 L to make a 0.1 M solution of AgNO3.

Explanation:

To make a 1.0 L of a 0.1 M solution of AgNO3, you need to know the molar mass of AgNO3, which is:

Ag = 107.87 g/mol

N = 14.01 g/mol

O = 16.00 g/mol (there are three O atoms, so 3 x 16 = 48.00 g/mol)

Total = 169.88 g/mol

Next, you need to calculate the mass of AgNO3 required to make a 0.1 M solution in 1.0 L of water:

0.1 moles/L * 1.0 L = 0.1 moles

Mass = moles x molar mass

Mass = 0.1 moles x 169.88 g/mol

Mass = 16.988 g

Therefore, you need to dissolve 16.988 g of AgNO3 in enough water to make a final volume of 1.0 L to make a 0.1 M solution of AgNO3.

Based on the information provided, you should choose a 20 ml syringe for compounding the sterile order for chlorothiazide, as it will allow you to withdraw the exact calculated amount needed.

You should pick a 30 ml syringe to withdraw 20 ml of chlorothiazide. This will allow you to withdraw the medication with enough room in the syringe to prevent any spills or contamination. It is always important to choose a syringe size that is larger than the volume you need to withdraw to ensure accuracy and safety in compounding sterile orders.
Based on the information provided, you should choose a 20 ml syringe for compounding the sterile order for chlorothiazide, as it will allow you to withdraw the exact calculated amount needed.

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The energy is coming from the battery that is in the torchlight.

In the case of an object in motion, energy is coming from the kinetic energy of the object. Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. This energy is transferred to the object by an external force, such as a push or a pull, which causes the object to start moving or to change its motion.

Energy is the ability to do work and can take many forms, such as thermal, kinetic, potential, and chemical energy. Energy can be transformed from one form to another and can also be transferred from one object to another.

Therefore, In the case of an object being put into motion, energy is coming from the potential energy of the object. Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or configuration. This energy is transferred to the object by an external force, such as gravity, which causes the object to start moving or to change its motion.

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The ideal gas law can be used to determine the gas's new pressure. According to the ideal gas law, pressure times volume equals the amount of a gas in moles times the global gas constant times the temperature.

Pressure = (number of moles of gas times the universal gas constant times the temperature) divided by volume is the new equation we may use to calculate pressure.

Since there are an equal amount of moles of gas in this situation, we can use the following formula to determine the new gas pressure: Pressure is equal to (4.3 L times 839.0oC) divided by (766.9 torr times 0.38 L). We obtain a new pressure of 118.6 atm by simplifying.

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After valves are opened and enough time has passed for net movement of particles between containers to stop, pressure of gas in middle container will be closest to 3 atmospheres as pressure will be halved after opening valves.

Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.

There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .

Pressure will be halved after opening valves as it will be bifurcated ,thus, 9/2=4.5 which is closest 3 atmospheres.

Thus,the pressure of gas in the middle container will be closest to 3 atmospheres.

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Answer:

The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today.

Explanation:

The mass of C in the 1.2359 g sample of the compound is 0.6116 g, the mass of N is 0.3564 g and the mass of O is calculated to be 0.2031 g.

First, we determine the mass of carbon C as follows;

mass of carbon C = (2.241 g) × (1 mole Carbon dioxide/44.01 g Carbon dioxide) × (1 mole C/ 1 mole Carbon dioxide) × (12.011 C/1 C)

mass of carbon C = 0.6116 g

Now the mass of nitrogen (N) can be determined as follows;

As the mass percent of N is found to be 28.84 % therefore;

Mass of nitrogen (N) = 1.2359 × 0.2884 = 0.3564 g

Now the mass of oxygen (O) can be calculated as follows;

Since the compound contains only C, H, N, and O therefore;

mass of O = g of sample − ( g of H + g of C + g of N )

mass of O = 1.2359 − (0.0648 + 0.6116 + 0.3564)

Mass of O = 0.2031 g

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A solid with a highly organized set of particles is crystalline. Thus the right option as the solution is B.

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that can be divided without the release of any electrically charged particles such as protons, neutrons, electrons, etc.

Crystalline solids are solids with a highly ordered arrangement of the particles (atoms, ions, and molecules) in microscopic structures of the solid

Isotopes are molecules with the same atomic number but a different atomic mass

Molecules are structures that are formed by one or more atoms. If they contain more than one atom, the atoms can be the same or different atoms.

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The complete question is:

Which option describes a solid with a highly organized set of particles? choices are a) atom b) crystal c) isotope d) molecule​