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The empirical formula of a compound tells us the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms of different elements in a compound. The molecular formula tells us the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound.

In this case, the empirical formula is Mg3Si2H4O9. This means that there are 3 magnesium atoms, 2 silicon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 9 oxygen atoms for every molecule of chrysotile. The molar mass of the empirical formula is 259 g/mol. This means that the molecular mass of chrysotile must be a multiple of 259 g/mol. The only molecular formula that is a multiple of 259 g/mol and is also within the range of molar masses for chrysotile is Mg6Si4H8O18. This is the correct molecular formula for chrysotile.

Empirical formula mass = 259 g/mol

Molar mass of chrysotile = 831 g/mol

Molecular formula = (Empirical formula mass) * n

where n is the number of times the empirical formula is repeated

n = (Molar mass of chrysotile) / (Empirical formula mass)

n = 831 g/mol / 259 g/mol

n = 3

Therefore, the molecular formula of chrysotile is Mg3Si2H4O9 * 3 = Mg6Si4H8O18

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Answer:

because you might have a too much bigger than explosion if you add more baking soda or vinegar

Explanation:

You use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination for the explosion.

We know that,

When you use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination then be get the explosion.

Baking soda and liquid are base and acid so they react chemically.

Here, the given liquid is vinegar

If you will increase the amount of baking soda and if you will increase the amount of liquid then no reaction

So, you use the same amount of baking soda and the same amount of liquid for each combination for the explosion.

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Answer:

All answers stated below:

Explanation:

1. Plate Tectonics

2. lithosphere

3. asthenosphere

4. divergent boundary

5. (not sure)

6. convergent

7. transform

8. convection

Answer:

PCl5 <-> PCl3 + Cl2

PCl5 decomposes into PCl3 and Cl2 according to the equation above. A pure sample of Pcl5 is placed in a rigid, evacuated 1.00 L container. The initial pressure of the PCl5 is 1.00 atm. The temperature is held constant until the PCl5 reaches equilibrium with its decomposition products. The figures below show the initial and equilibrium conditions of the system.

As the reaction progresses toward equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction

A) increases until it becomes the same as the reverse reaction rate at equilibrium

B) stays constant before and after equilibrium is reached

C) decreases to become a constant nonzero rate at equilibrium

D) decreases to become zero at equilibrium

Explanation:

At equilibrium, both forward and backward reactions take place with constant speed.

The reaction will never cease.

Due to this reason chemical equilibrium is called dynamic in nature.

At equilibrium:

the rate of forward reaction = rate of backward reaction

As the reaction progresses toward equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction decreases to become a constant nonzero rate at equilibrium.

Answer is option C).

When a system is in a state of chemical equilibrium, neither the reactant concentration nor the product concentration changes over time, nor does the system exhibit any further changes in its attributes. Here the correct option is C.

The system reaches a condition of chemical equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. The system is considered to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium when the concentrations of the reactants and products do not change further as a result of the equal rates of the forward and reverse processes.

Equilibrium is impacted by a number of variables, including temperature, pressure, and the system's concentration. Here at equilibrium the rate of the forward reaction decreases to become a constant nonzero rate at equilibrium.

Thus the correct option is C.

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The characteristic of a Mixture is two or more elements coming together such as water (H2O) & Sugar Particles. If you mix these together you get a Mixture.

Answer:

They include patterns; cause and effect; scale, proportion, and quantity; systems and system models; energy and matter; structure and function; and stability and change.

Explanation:

As such, they are a way of linking the different domains of science.

Answer:

Oxygen is much smaller then Selenium, that is because of how high the charge density is.

Answer:

If you mean electron then O(8 electrons) is smaller than Se(34 electrons).

If you mean atomic mass then O(16) is still smaller than Se(78).

If   Valency then O and Se are the same(-2).

Concrete contributes approximately 7-8% of the annual anthropogenic global \(CO_2\)  production.

Anthropogenic processes are processes that arise as a result of human actions. Anthropogenic factors are human actions that have an impact on the environment, such as land use changes and pollution.

Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\) ) is a greenhouse gas that is a significant contributor to global warming. \(CO_2\) is released into the environment as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and deforestation.

Concrete is a building material made up of cement, sand, and gravel. Concrete is the world's most widely used construction material, and it is used to construct everything from bridges to buildings, roads to dams.

When concrete is created, \(CO_2\)  is released as a result of the chemical reaction that occurs when cement is made. Concrete contributes around 7-8% of the annual anthropogenic global \(CO_2\) production.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the cement industry contributes about 8% of global \(CO_2\) emissions.

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Answer:

uhhh well ig btw what plant

Explanation:

it would be more sunlight to

The correct order of increasing electronegativity for the given set of elements is: s, p, si, f, where fluorine (F) has the highest electronegativity and sodium (Na) is not included in the set.

Electronegativity is a property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself when it is part of a chemical bond. In general, electronegativity increases across a period from left to right and decreases down a group in the periodic table.

Looking at the given sets of elements: p, f, si, s and s, f, p, si, we can determine the order of increasing electronegativity.

The correct set of elements arranged in order of increasing electronegativity is: s, p, si, f.

Fluorine (F) is the most electronegative element in the periodic table, and it attracts electrons strongly due to its small atomic size and high effective nuclear charge. Therefore, it has the highest electronegativity.

Following fluorine, oxygen (O) has a higher electronegativity than sulfur (S), which in turn has a higher electronegativity than phosphorus (P). This is because electronegativity generally increases across a period from left to right.

Silicon (Si) is less electronegative than phosphorus but more electronegative than sulfur. It is positioned in the middle of the order.

Lastly, sodium (Na) is less electronegative than silicon and is not included in the given set.

(Note: The set s, f, p, si is not in the correct order of increasing electronegativity, as fluorine should have the highest electronegativity.)

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You feel heat from a campfire: Radiation

A mug filled with a hot beverage warms your hands: Conduction

A heat lamp keeps baby chicks warm: Radiation

Warm water moves from the bottom of a pot to the top: Convection

Thunderclouds form in the atmosphere: Convection

A snowball melts in your hands: Conduction

A hot dog cooks over a campfire: Conduction

A cool breeze blows onto the beach on a hot day: Convection

The Sun causes snow to sublimate on a clear winter day: Radiation

A spoon placed in a cup of hot tea becomes hot to the touch: Conduction

Heat can be transferred through three different methods: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid, such as air or water. Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

In the given situations, the heat transfer by radiation occurs from the campfire, heat lamp, and sun. Conduction occurs when you feel the warmth of a hot beverage or the hot dog cooking over the campfire. Convection occurs in the atmosphere, where warm air rises, and cool air falls, leading to thundercloud formation, or when warm water moves from the bottom of a pot to the top.

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We are told that starch consists of glucose polymer, so we can assume that the caloric value of starch will be equal to the caloric value of glucose, that is, 3.9kcal/g.

Now to determine the kcal and kJ there were in the potato we must calculate the mass of starch present in that potato. We are told that it is 92% starch, therefore the mass of starch in the potato will be:

We have that in the potato there are 160.08 grams of starch. By multiplying it by the caloric value we will have the kcal that were in the potato, assuming that the rest of the ingredients do not contribute caloric value, or it is insignificant.

To calculate the kJ we must make the conversion using the relationship that 1 cal is equal to 4.184 joules:

In the potato, there were 624 kcal of energy or 2612kJ of energy.

Answer:

The destiny of silicon,which is 2.33 g/cm3

Explanation:

The trans isomer of 1-bromo-4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexane would not be expected to participate in SN2 reactions.

In SN2 (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular) reactions, the nucleophile attacks the carbon center while a leaving group is simultaneously displaced. The rate of an SN2 reaction depends on the steric hindrance around the reaction center.

In the case of 1-bromo-4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexane, the cis isomer has a less hindered configuration compared to the trans isomer. The tert-butyl group in the cis isomer is oriented away from the reaction center, allowing the nucleophile to approach easily and participate in an SN2 reaction. On the other hand, in the trans isomer, the tert-butyl group is oriented towards the reaction center, creating steric hindrance that obstructs the nucleophile's approach.

The steric hindrance caused by the bulky tert-butyl group in the trans isomer makes it less accessible for nucleophilic attack, thereby rendering it unreactive in SN2 reactions. Therefore, the trans isomer of 1-bromo-4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexane would not be expected to participate in SN2 reactions.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\\)

From the question

mass = 127 g

volume = 11 mL

We have

\(density = \frac{127}{11} \\ = 11.545454...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Mass of the solid conjugate base should the student weigh out to make the buffer solution is  0.083 g.

For a buffer, buffer capacity is the pH range = pKa  1

Here among the given acid list

pKa of phosphoric acid = - log (7.52 x 10-3) = 2.12

pKa of formic acid = - log (1.77 x 10-4) = 3.75

pKa of propionic acid = - log (1.34 x 10-5) = 4.87

pKa of acetic acid = - log (1.75 x 10-5) = 4.75

Now, buffer capacity is the pH range = pKa  1

Here, pH 3 is in the range of buffer capacity of HCOOH.

Therefore, here we can conclude that formic acid (HCOOH) with pKa = 3.75, is the most suitable acid for preparing a buffer of pH 3.

To prepare the buffer with formic acid, the conjugate base that has to be used is sodium formate (HCOONa).

Final volume of the buffer = 100 mL = 0.1 L

[weak acid] = [HCOOH] = 0.1 M

pKa of HCOOH = 3.75

As per the Henderson Hasselbalch equation, pH = pKa + log [salt] / [acid]

Therefore, 3 = 3.75 + log [salt] / 0.1

or, 0.75 = log 0.1 / [salt]

or, 0.1 / [salt] = 5.62

or, [salt] = 0.018 M

Therefore, [HCOONa] = [salt] = 0.018 M

Moles of HCOONa in the buffer solution = 0.018 x 0.1 = 0.0018 moles

Molar mass of formic acid = 46.03 g / mol

Therefore, the mass of sodium formate (HCOONa) that has to be dissolved in the solution to prepare the buffer = 0.0018 x 46.03 = 0.083 g HCOONa

Now initial [HCOOH] provided = 2 M

Moles of HCOOH present in 0.1 L buffer solution = 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.01 moles

Moles of HCOOH present in 0.1 L buffer solution = moles of HCOOH added = 0.01 moles

Therefore, the volume of the provided stock concentration of the solution that had to be added to prepare the buffer = 0.01 / 2 = 0.005 L.

In order to prepare the buffer of pH 3;

Mass of HCOONa to be added = 0.083 g

The volume of 2 M HCOOH to be added = 0.005 L

Formic acid with pKa = 3.75, is the most suitable acid for preparing a buffer of pH 3.

To prepare the buffer with formic acid, the conjugate base that has to be used is sodium formate (HCOONa).

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The name and symbol of the thermodynamic quantity that represents the heat absorbed or liberated in a chemical reaction at constant pressure will be enthalpy represented by ΔH.

A thermodynamic system's enthalpy, which is one of its properties, is calculated by adding the system's internal energy to the product of its pressure as well as volume. It refers to a state function that would be conveniently provided mostly by a substantial ambient atmosphere and is utilized in several investigations in chemical, biological, as well as physical systems at such constant pressure.

Because it tells how much heat seems to be there in a system, enthalpy is significant (energy). Heat is crucial because it allows us to produce useful work. In terms of a chemical process, an enthalpy shift reveals how much enthalpy was gained or lost. Enthalpy is the system's thermal energy.

Therefore, thermodynamic quantity that represents the heat absorbed or liberated in a chemical reaction at constant pressure is enthalpy represented by ΔH.

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Answer: 10.3 grams of Copper oxide is left unreacted.

Explanation:

To calculate the moles :

\(\text{Moles of solute}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}\)    

\(\text{Moles of} CuO=\frac{50g}{79.5g}=0.63moles\)

The balanced chemical reaction is:

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)  

According to stoichiometry :

1 moles of \(H_2SO_4\) require = 1 mole of \(CuO\)

Thus 0.5 moles of \(H_2SO_4\) will require=\(\frac{1}{1}\times 0.5=0.5moles\)  of \(CuO\)

Thus \(H_2SO_4\) is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product and \(CuO\) is the excess reagent.

moles of CuO left = (0.63-0.5) mol= 0.13 mol

Mass of \(CuO\) left =\(moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.13moles\times 79.5g/mol=10.3g\)

10.3 grams of Copper oxide is left unreacted.

Zinc acts as a cofactor for many enzymes involved in various biochemical reactions. It plays a vital role in catalyzing chemical reactions, DNA synthesis, and cell division. The correct answer is option d) zinc.

Zinc is considered a trace element in living things. Trace elements are minerals that are required by organisms in very small amounts, but they play essential roles in various biological processes. Zinc is an important trace element involved in enzyme function, DNA synthesis, immune system function, and other physiological processes.

Zinc is important for the proper functioning of the immune system. It helps in the development and activation of immune cells, enhances the production of antibodies, and supports immune response against infections.

Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen are not considered trace elements as they are major elements and are required in larger quantities by living organisms for basic life processes.

Therefore, the correct answer is option d) zinc.

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The Coase theorem is an economic concept that suggests that, under certain conditions, private parties can efficiently resolve externalities through bargaining without the need for government intervention. It was developed by economist Ronald Coase.

First, property rights must be well defined, allowing individuals to negotiate and make agreements.

Second, transaction costs, such as the costs of gathering information and enforcing agreements, should be low.

Overall, the Coase theorem highlights the potential for private bargaining to efficiently resolve externalities when certain conditions are met.

It emphasizes the importance of well-defined property rights and low transaction costs in facilitating voluntary agreements between parties.

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Unable to tell if this process is endothermic or exothermic because it is not stated whether energy is released or absorbed.

Energy has the ability to perform work. It is a quantifiable quality that may be transferred to a physical system or body, and it can be seen when work is being done. Potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, and radioactive forms of energy can all exist.

The energy shift that takes place during the reaction determines the type of reaction, whether it is exothermic or endothermic. It is an exothermic reaction if energy is released during the reaction. On the other side, a reaction is said to be endothermic if energy is absorbed during it[2]. According to the chemical equation, a + 2b + energy ab2.

You can tell whether a chemical process releases or absorbs energy overall by measuring the enthalpy of the reaction. The heat energy change that occurs as reactants turn into products is known as a reaction's enthalpy(H). H is positive if heat is absorbed throughout the process; if heat is emitted, H is negative. Exothermic processes have enthalpies that are less than zero and, as a result, are negative, while endothermic reactions have enthalpies that are more than zero and, as a result, are positive.

We cannot tell if this chemical reaction is endothermic or exothermic because the chemical equation contains no information about the value of energy.

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a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

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4 liters of the 70% solution are required by the chemist.

8 liters of saline solution divided by 25%

Saline solution at 25% = 0.25 x 8 = 2 liters

Let there be x liters of saline solution at 70%.

Salt = 8 plus x

40% of salt is equal to 25% of saline solution plus 70% of saline solution.

2 + (70/100)x = (40/100)(8 + x)

2 + 0.7x = 0.4(8 + x)

2 + 0.7x = 3.2 + 0.4x

0.7x - 0.4x = 3.2 - 20.3

x = 1.2

x = 1.2 / 0.3

x = 4

4 liters of the 70% solution are required by the chemist.

The following equation can be used to determine the volume or concentration of a concentrated or diluted solution: M1V1 = M2V2.

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Answer:

Sound waves cannot propagate in vacuum. Air is needed for sound waves to travel and there is no air in vacuum.

Explanation:

The radius of an atom is defined as the distance between the center of the nucleus and the outermost shell of electrons, known as the valence shell. The radius of an atom is typically measured in nanometers (nm), with one nanometer equal to 10^-9 meters.

The range of atomic radii can vary widely depending on the element and the chemical environment in which it is found. However, in general, most atoms have radii that fall within the range of about 0.1 - 0.5 nanometers.

The smallest atoms are found among the noble gases, such as helium, neon, and argon, which have radii of about 0.1 nm. At the other end of the spectrum, some of the largest atoms are found among the transition metals and lanthanides, such as cesium and barium, which have radii of about 0.5 nm.

It's worth noting that in a molecule or a compound, the atomic radii of an atom may differ from its radius in its elemental form due to various interactions between atoms such as covalent bonding or metallic bonding.

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Answer:

0.0162 moles (3 s. f.)

Explanation:

moles = mass / Ar

moles = 3.2 / 197.0

moles = 0.0162436

moles = 0.0162 (3 s. f.)

Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances that have a specific chemical composition and a crystalline structure. Minerals can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on their composition and crystal structure.

Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids that have a specific chemical composition and a crystalline structure. Some minerals, such as quartz, are homogeneous, meaning that their atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern throughout the crystal, resulting in a uniform composition and structure.

Other minerals, such as granite, are heterogeneous, meaning that they have a varied composition and structure due to the presence of different minerals within the same rock.

The classification of a mineral as homogeneous or heterogeneous depends on the internal arrangement of its atoms and the presence or absence of impurities or other minerals within the crystal structure.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

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If all of the bonding electrons in a molecule are bonded in two-hybrid sp orbitals are likely to have a linear shape.

One of a set of hybrid orbitals is produced when one s orbital and one p orbital is combined mathematically to form two new equivalent, perpendicular orbitals.

A linear molecule is one in which the atoms are arranged in a straight line (less than a 180° angle). The sp hybridization occurs at the central atom of molecules with linear electron-pair geometries.

Carbon dioxide (O=C=O) and beryllium hydride \(BeH_2\) are examples of linear electron pairs and molecular geometry.

Hence, option A is correct.

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